Belongs within: Tenthredinidae.
Contains: Euura (Euura).
The Nematinae are a group of sawflies found primarily in the Holarctic region; they are the dominant sawfly group in the Arctic and Subarctic, but become less predominant in more southern regions (Smith 2003). Members of the genera Phyllocolpa, Pontania and Euura induce galls on willows and poplars (Kopelke 2007a).
Characters (from Smith 2003): Forewing with vein M meeting Sc+R basal to the point where Rs+M meets Sc+R; vein 2m-cu usually joins cell 1Rs; vein 2A+3A atrophied at base, present only as a straight stub or sometimes curved up and meeting 1A forming a small basal anal cell; veins M and 1m-cu markedly divergent; radial crossvein (2r) present or absent. Hindwing with cells RS and M both present; anal cell present. Epicnemium present, broad and triangular, separated from mesepisternum by suture; propleurae pointed on meson.
Nematinae
|--Fallocampus Wong 1977HP-W05
|--PlatycampusHP-W05
| |--P. luridiventris (Fallen 1808)HP-W05
| `--P. obscuripes Konow 1896HP-W05
|--Euura Newman 1837K07a
| | i. s.: E. cooperae Cockerell 1901C01
| | E. mexicanaC01
| | E. salicisnodusC01
| | E. salicisovumC01
| |--E. (Euura)K06
| `--E. (Gemmura Smith 1968)K06
|--Pikonema Ross 1937R38
| |--*P. dimmockii (Cresson 1880) [=Nematus dimmockii; incl. N. ocreatus Harrington 1889, Pachynematus ocreatus]R38
| |--P. alaskensis (Rohwer 1866) [=Pachynematus alaskensis; incl. P. piceae Rohwer 1866]R38
| |--P. montana (Zaddach 1882) [=Pachynematus montanus]M99
| |--P. ruralis (Cresson 1880) [=Nematus ruralis]R38
| |--P. scutellata (Hartig 1837) [=Pachynematus scutellatus]M99
| `--P. styx (Benson 1958) [=Pachynematus styx]M99
|--PristiphoraH04
| |--P. carpentieri Konow 1903H04
| |--P. erichsonii (Hartig 1837)HP-W05
| |--P. geniculata (Hartig 1840)HP-W05
| |--P. kamtchatica Malaise 1931H04
| |--P. nievesi Haris 2004H04
| |--P. parnasia Konow 1902H04
| |--P. subbifida (Thomson 1871)H04
| `--P. testacea Jurine 1807HP-W05
|--Pontania Costa 1859K07a
| |--P. albopicta Malaise 1931K07a
| |--P. apicifrons Malaise 1931 [incl. P. apicifrons var. punctifrons Malaise 1931]K07a
| |--P. auberti Zirngiebl 1957K07a
| |--P. bridgmanii (Cameron 1883) [=Nematus bridgmanii; incl. P. kirchneri Zirngiebl 1959]K05
| |--P. excavata Marlatt 1896K07a
| |--P. fibulata Konow 1901K07a
| |--P. leucapsis [incl. P. leucapsis var. connata Enslin 1915]K07a
| |--P. obscura Kopelke 2005K05
| |--P. (Eupontania) pedunculi (Hartig 1837)M99
| |--P. proxima (Serville 1823) [=Nematus proximus; incl. Euura flavipes Cameron 1885, N. vallisnerii Hartig 1837]K05
| |--P. sibirica Malaise 1931K07a
| `--P. triandrae Benson 1941K05
|--Nematus Panzer 1801M99
| |--N. albipennisMS01
| |--N. caeruleocarpus Hartig 1837 (see below for synonymy)M99
| |--N. capreaeMS01
| |--N. dorsalisR26
| |--N. erichsoniiG38
| |--N. haemorrhoidalisR26
| |--N. histrioMS01
| |--N. melanaspis Hartig 1840HP-W05
| |--N. myosotidisMS01
| |--N. pavidus Serv. 1823HP-W05
| |--N. respondens Förster 1854H04
| |--N. ribesii [incl. N. ventricosus]G38
| |--N. rumicisMS01
| |--N. septentrionalisR26
| |--N. similator Förster 1854 [incl. N. eurysternus Zaddach 1882]M99
| `--N. tibialisBD17
`--Phyllocolpa Benson 1960K07b
|--P. acuminata (Marlatt 1896) [=Pontania acuminata]SF96
|--P. acutiserra (Lindquist 1948) [=Pontania acutiserra]K07b
|--P. alienata (Förster 1854) [=Nematus alienatus; incl. N. (Pontania) coriaceus Benson 1953]K07b
|--P. anomaloptera (Förster 1854) (see below for synonymy)K07c
|--‘Nematus’ bipartitus Serville 1823K07c
|--P. carinifrons (Benson 1940) [=Pontania carinifrons]K07a
|--P. coriacea (Benson 1953) [=Pontania (Phyllocolpa) coriacea]M99
|--P. crassispina (Thomson 1871) [=Nematus crassispinus]K07c
|--P. eleanorae Smith & Fritz 1996SF96
|--P. erythropyga (Förster 1854) [=Nematus erythropygus]K07a
|--P. ischnocera (Thomson 1862) [=Nematus ischnocerus; incl. N. leucostigmus Cameron 1875]K07a
|--P. kopelkei (Lacourt 1996) [=Pontania (Phyllocolpa) kopelkei]K07a
|--P. leavitti (Rohwer 1910) [=Pontania leavitti, P. leaviti (l. c.)]SF96
|--P. leucapsis (Tischbein 1846) [=Nematus leucapsis]K07b
|--P. leucosticta (Hartig 1837) (see below for synonymy)K07a
|--P. nigrita (Marlatt 1896) [=Pontania nigrita]SF96
|--P. nudipectus (Vikberg 1965) [=Pontania nudipectus]K07c
|--P. oblita (Serville 1823) [=Nematus oblitus; incl. N. pineti Hartig 1837, N. puella Thomson 1871]K07a
|--P. pectoralis (Marlatt 1896) [=Pontania pectoralis]SF96
|--P. piliserra (Thomson 1862) (see below for synonymy)K07c
|--P. plicadaphnoides Kopelke 2007K07a
|--P. plicaglauca Kopelke 2007K07c
|--P. plicalapponum Kopelke 2007K07a
|--P. plicaphylicifolia Kopelke 2007K07a
|--P. polita (Zaddach 1883) [=Nematus politus; incl. Pontania connata Enslin 1915, N. sieboldii Zaddach 1884]K07a
|--P. populi (Marlatt 1896) [=Pontania populi]SF96
|--P. prussica (Zaddach 1883) [=Nematus prussicus]K07a
|--P. pschornwalcheri Kopelke 2007K07b
|--P. purpureae (Cameton 1884) [=Nematus purpureae; incl. Euura acuminata Enslin 1915]K07c
|--P. robusta (Marlatt 1896) [=Pontania robusta]SF96
|--P. rolleri Liston 2005K07c
|--P. scotaspis (Förster 1854) (see below for synonymy)K07c
|--P. spirappendiculata Kopelke 2007K07b
|--P. spirhelvetica Kopelke 2007K07b
|--P. terminalis (Marlatt 1896) [=Pontania terminalis]SF96
|--P. tuberculata (Benson 1953) [=Nematus (Pontania) tuberculatus]K07c
|--P. ‘viminalis’ (Hartig 1840) non (Linnaeus 1758)K07b
|--‘Nematus’ westermanni Thomson 1862K07c
`--‘Nematus’ xanthogaster Förster 1854K07c
Nematus caeruleocarpus Hartig 1837 [=N. coeruleocarpus (l. c.); incl. N. brevispinnis Förster 1854, N. sulcipes Hartig 1837]M99
Phyllocolpa anomaloptera (Förster 1854) [=Nematus anomalopterus; incl. Pontania cyrnea Liston 2005, Po. joergenseni Enslin 1916, Amauronematus maidli Zirngiebl 1937]K07c
Phyllocolpa leucosticta (Hartig 1837) [=Nematus leucostictus; incl. N. crassulus Thomson 1862, N. ischnocerus var. nigrifrons Konow 1897]K07a
Phyllocolpa piliserra (Thomson 1862) [=Nematus piliserra; incl. Pontania piliserra var. mascula Enslin 1915, Po. piliserra var. tristis Enslin 1915]K07c
Phyllocolpa scotaspis (Förster 1854) [=Nematus scotaspis; incl. N. anglicus Cameron 1877, Phyllocolpa anglica, Pontania fibulata Konow 1901, Nematus nigrolineatus Cameron 1879]K07c
*Type species of generic name indicated
References
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[C01] Cockerell, T. D. A. 1901. Contributions from the New Mexico Biological Station.—XI. New and little-known insects from New Mexico. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, series 7, 7: 333–337.
[G38] Gahan, A. B. 1938. Notes on some genera and species of Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 40 (8): 209–227.
[H04] Haris, A. 2004. New sawflies from Spain (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae). Graellsia 60 (2): 163–165.
[HP-W05] Heitland, W., & H. Pschorn-Walcher. 2005. Biology and parasitoids of the peculiar alder sawfly, Platycampus luridiventris (Fallen) (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae). Senckenbergiana Biologica 85 (2): 215–231.
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[K06] Kopelke, J.-P. 2006. Description of the female of Euura myrtilloides Kopelke 1996, with a key to the European species of the atra-group (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae, Nematinae). Senckenbergiana Biologica 86 (1): 75–84.
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[K07c] Kopelke, J.-P. 2007c. The European species of the genus Phyllocolpa, part III: the species-groups of crassispina, scotaspis, and piliserra (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae, Nematinae). Senckenbergiana Biologica 87 (2): 163–183.
[M99] Magis, N. 1999. Répertoire des mouches à scie reconnues en Belgique et au Grand-Duché de Luxembourg (Hymenoptera: Symphyta). Additions et corrections. Notes Fauniques de Gembloux 36: 85–93.
[MS01] Mocsáry, A., & V. Szépligeti. 1901. Hymenopterák [Hymenopteren]. In: Horváth, G. (ed.) Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazása [Dritte Asiatische Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] vol. 2. Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazásának Állattani Eredményei [Zoologische Ergebnisse der Dritten Asiatischen Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] pp. 121–169. Victor Hornyánszky: Budapest, and Karl W. Hierseman: Leipzig.
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[R38] Ross, H. H. 1938. The Nearctic species of Pikonema, a genus of spruce sawflies (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 40 (1): 17–20.
[SF96] Smith, D. R., & R. S. Fritz. 1996. Review of the eastern United States species of the leaf-folding sawflies of the genus Phyllocolpa Benson (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 98 (4): 695–707.