Belongs within: Bryidae.
Contains: Macromitrium, Orthotrichum, Ulota.
The Orthotrichaceae are a family of mosses that are usually found growing epiphytically or on rocks. The family is particularly diverse in the Pacific region. Members of the family are characterised by a distinctive peristome structure that lacks a basal membrane and has endostome segments alternating with the exostome segments, with the exostome having a thick outer layer and thin inner layer (Goffinet et al. 1998). Genera such as Orthotrichum and Ulota grow in tufts or loose cushions; other genera such as Macromitrium usually form loose mats.
Characters (from Smith 2004): Plants usually tufted. Leaves ovate to narrowly lanceolate, usually acute; margins usually recurved; costa present, ending in or below apex or excurrent; basal cells rectangular to linear, upper cells rounded or hexagonal, often incrassate and papillose. Setae short or long; capsules immersed to longly exserted, ellipsoid, often with long neck, usually striate at maturity, sulcate when dry and empty; stomata superficial or immersed; peristome double, single or rarely absent; calyptrae mitriform or cucullate, often with coarse erect hairs.
<==Orthotrichaceae |--OrthotrichoideaeS04 | |--OrthotrichumSK02 | `--UlotaS04 `--Zygodon Hooker & Taylor 1818 [Zygodontoideae]S04 |--Z. conoideus (Dicks.) Hook. & Taylor 1818S04 [=Bryum conoideumD24] | |--Z. c. var. conoideusS04 | `--Z. c. var. lingulatus Edwards 2000S04 |--Z. curvicaulis Dusén 1903D03 |--Z. dentatus (Limpr.) Karttunen 1984 [=Z. viridissimus ssp. dentatus]OZB-O03 |--Z. forsteri (Dicks. ex With.) Mitt. 1851S04 [=Bryum forsteriD24] | |--Z. f. var. forsteriD24 | `--Z. f. var. sendtneri [=Euzygodon sendtneri]D24 |--Z. gracilis Wilson in Berk. 1863S04 [incl. Z. gracilis var. alpinusOZB-O03, Z. nowelliiD24] |--Z. gracillimus Broth. ex Fleischer 1904 [incl. Z. rodwayi Broth. 1914]SK02 |--Z. hatcheri Dusén 1903D03 |--Z. hookeri Hampe 1860 [incl. Z. drummondii var. major (n. n.)]SK02 |--Z. hyadesiiD03 |--Z. intermedius Bruch & Schimp. 1838 (see below for synonymy)SK02 |--Z. menziesii (Schwägr.) Arnott 1827 [=Codonoblepharon menziesii Schwägr. 1824; incl. Z. drummondii]SK02 | |--Z. m. var. menziesiiM49a | `--Z. m. var. angustifoliusM49a |--Z. minutus Müll.Hal. & Hampe 1856SK02 |--Z. obtusifolius Hooker 1819 [=Bryomaltaea obtusifolia (Hooker) Goffinet in Goffinet & Vitt 1998]SK02 |--Z. reinwardtii (Hornsch.) Braun 1838 [incl. Z. anomalus]SK02 |--Z. rufescensA49 |--Z. rupestris Schimp. in Walther & Molendo 1868S04 (see below for synonymy) |--Z. stirtonii Schimp. in Stirt. 1871 [=Z. viridissimus var. stirtonii]S04 `--Z. viridissimus (Dicks.) Brid. 1826S04 (see below for synonymy) Orthotrichaceae incertae sedis: Bryomaltaea Goffinet in Goffinet & Vitt 1998SK02 Codonoblepharon Schwägr. 1824SK02 Pentastichella pentastichaD03 Muelleriella Dusén 1905SK02 `--M. crassifolia (Hooker & Wilson) Dusén 1905 [=Orthotrichum crassifolium]SK02 Stoneobryum Norris & Rob. 1981SK02 `--S. bunyaense Norris & Rob. 1981SK02 Groutiella Steere 1950SK02 |--G. mucronifoliaJ87 `--G. tomentosa (Hornsch.) Wijk & Margad. 1960SK02 Macrocoma (Müll.Hal.) Grout 1944SK02 `--M. tenuis (Hooker & Greville) Vitt. 1973 (see below for synonymy)SK02 |--M. t. ssp. tenuisJ87 `--M. t. ssp. sullivantiiJ87 Schlotheimia Brid. 1812SK02 |--S. brownii Schwägr. 1826 [=Macromitrium brownii; incl. S. baileyi]SK02 |--S. campbellianaM49b |--S. funiformis Taylor ex Dixon 1950SK02 |--S. gracillimaD03 |--S. jamesoniiJ87 `--S. tectaJ87 MacromitriumSK02 Nomina nuda: Pentastichella aurea Dusén 1903D03 Schlotheimia baileyi f. compacta Watts & Whitel. 1906SK02 Zygodon martinae Watts & Whitel. 1906SK02 Zygodon stellatum Watts & Whitel. 1906SK02
Macrocoma tenuis (Hooker & Greville) Vitt. 1973 [=Macromitrium tenue; incl. Macromitrium eucalyptorum, Macromitrium geheebii (n. n.), Macromitrium johnsonii (nom. inv.), Macromitrium microphyllum, Macromitrium novae-valesiae]SK02
Zygodon intermedius Bruch & Schimp. 1838 [incl. Z. brachyodus, Z. brownii, Z. confertus, Z. conoideus var. elongatus, Z. hymenodontioides]SK02
Zygodon rupestris Schimp. in Walther & Molendo 1868S04 [=Z. viridissimus var. rupestrisD24; incl. Z. baumgartneriS04, Z. viridissimus var. vulgarisOZB-O03]
Zygodon viridissimus (Dicks.) Brid. 1826S04 [=Bryum viridissimum Broth. ex Bailey 1891 (n. n.)D24, SK02; incl. Z. viridissimus var. occidentalisS04]
*Type species of generic name indicated
References
[A49] Allison, K. W. 1949. Description of a new species with notes and localities for some Otago and Southland mosses. Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New Zealand 77 (2): 278–283.
[D24] Dixon, H. N. 1924. The Student’s Handbook of British Mosses 3rd ed. V. V. Sumfield: Eastbourne.
[D03] Dusén, P. 1903. Patagonian and Fuegian mosses. In: Scott, W. B. (ed.) Reports of the Princeton University Expeditions to Patagonia, 1896–1899 vol. 8. Botany pp. 63–126. The University: Princeton (New Jersey).
[J87] Judd, W. S. 1987. Floristic study of Morne La Visite and Pic Macaya National Parks, Haiti. Bulletin of the Florida State Museum—Biological Sciences 32 (1): 1–136.
[M49a] Martin, W. 1949a. The bryophytes of Stewart Island.—Part I. Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New Zealand 77 (2): 257–277.
[M49b] Martin, W. 1949b. Distribution of the mosses indigenous to New Zealand (supplement no. 1). Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New Zealand 77 (3): 355–360.
[OZB-O03] Ochyra, R., J. Żarnowiec & H. Bednarek-Ochyra. 2003. Census Catalogue of Polish Mosses. Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences: Cracow.
[S04] Smith, A. J. E. 2004. The Moss Flora of Britain and Ireland 2nd ed. Cambridge University Press.
[SK02] Streimann, H., & N. Klazenga. 2002. Catalogue of Australian Mosses. Flora of Australia Supplementary Series 17. Australian Biological Resources Study: Canberra.