Pandiscoidalia

Belongs within: Odonatoptera.
Contains: Triadophlebiomorpha, Euodonata.

The Pandiscoidalia are a clade of odonatopterans including the living damselflies and dragonflies, as well as a number of closely related stem taxa. Representatives first appear in the Permian (Grimaldi & Engel 2005).

Synapomorphies (from Nel et al. 2001): Wings with highly developed nodus with kink in ScP; nodal furrow present; nodal and subnodal crossveins aligned; primary antenodal crossvein Ax1 present.

<==Pandiscoidalia [Triadophlebioptera]
    |--Triadotypidae [Reisiidae, Triadotypomorpha]NB01
    |    |--Triadotypus Grauvogel & Laurentiaux 1952NB01
    |    |    |--*T. guillaumei Grauvogel & Laurentiaux 1952 [=Reisia guillaumei]NB01
    |    |    `--T. nana Bechly 1997 [=T. guillaumei var. nana]NB01
    |    `--Reisia Handlirsch 1912NB01
    |         |--*R. gelasii (Reis 1909) [=Handlirschia gelasii]NB01
    |         `--R. sodgianus (Pritykina 1981) [=Triadotypus sodgianus, T. sodiques (l. c.)]NB01
    `--DiscoidaliaNB01
         |--TriadophlebiomorphaRP02
         `--Odonata [Stigmoptera]GE05
              |  i. s.: EpallagoideaPN04
              |           |--Epallage [Epallagidae]P74
              |           |--Litheuphaea carpenteri Fraser 1955PN04
              |           |--Parazacallites aquisextana Nel 1988PN04
              |           `--Zacallites [Zacallitidae]PN04
              |                `--Z. balli Cockerell 1928PN04
              |         Telebasis salvaP74
              |         Hageniella Meunier 1897S96
              |--Panodonata [Anisozygoptera, Libellulina]RP02
              |    |--EuodonataRP02
              |    `--TarsophlebiopteraFB03
              |         |--TuranophlebiaGE05
              |         `--TarsophlebiaFB03 [TarsophlebiidaePN04]
              |              `--*T. eximia (Hagen 1862)FB03
              `--Protomyrmeleontoidea [Archizygoptera, Protozygoptera]RP02
                   |  i. s.: Lodevia longialata Nel et al. 1999BN02
                   |--PermolestidaeRP02
                   |--PermagrionidaeRP02
                   |--BatkeniidaeRP02
                   |--KennedyaR70 [KennedyidaeRP02]
                   |    `--K. mirabilisR70
                   |--PermepallageBN02 [PermepallagidaeRP02]
                   |    `--P. augustissima Martynov 1938BN02
                   `--Protomyrmeleontidae [Protomyrmeleonidae, Triassagrionidae]RP02
                        |--Triassagrion australiensis Tillyard 1922F71
                        `--Terskeja paulaRJ93

*Type species of generic name indicated

References

[BN02] Béthoux, O., A. Nel, J. Lapeyrie, G. Gand & J. Galtier. 2002. Raphogla rubra gen. n., sp. n., the oldest representative of the clade of modern Ensifera (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidea, Gryllidea). European Journal of Entomology 99: 111–116.

[FB03] Fleck, G., G. Bechly, X. Martínez-Delclòs, E. Jarzembowski, R. Coram & A. Nel. 2003. Phylogeny and classification of the Stenophlebioptera (Odonata: Epiproctophora). Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France 39 (1): 55–93.

[F71] Fletcher, H. O. 1971. Catalogue of type specimens of fossils in the Australian Museum, Sydney. Australian Museum Memoir 13: 1–167.

[GE05] Grimaldi, D., & M. S. Engel. 2005. Evolution of the Insects. Cambridge University Press: New York.

[NB01] Nel, A., O. Bethoux, G. Bechly, X. Martínez-Delclòs & F. Papier. 2001. The Permo-Triassic Odonatoptera of the “protodonate” grade (Insecta: Odonatoptera). Annales de la Société Entomologique de France (N.S.) 37 (4): 501–525.

[P74] Paulson, D. R. 1974. Reproductive isolation in damselflies. Systematic Zoology 23 (1): 40–49.

[PN04] Petrulevičius, J. F. & A. Nel. 2004. A new damselfly family from the Upper Palaeocene of Argentina. Palaeontology 47: 109–116.

[RP02] Rasnitsyn, A. P., & L. N. Pritykina. 2002. Superorder Libellulidea Laicharting, 1781. Order Odonata Fabricius, 1792. The dragonflies. In: Rasnitsyn, A. P., & D. L. J. Quicke (eds) History of Insects pp. 97–104. Kluwer Academic Publishers: Dordrecht.

[R70] Riek, E. F. 1970. Fossil history. In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers pp. 168–186. Melbourne University Press.

[RJ93] Ross, A. J., & E. A. Jarzembowski. 1993. Arthropoda (Hexapoda; Insecta). In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 363–426. Chapman & Hall: London.

[S96] Smithers, C. N. 1996. Psocoptera. In: Wells, A. (ed.) Zoological Catalogue of Australia vol. 26. Psocoptera, Phthiraptera, Thysanoptera pp. 1–79. CSIRO Publishing: Melbourne.