Belongs within: Ericales.
Contains: Primula, Androsace, Dodecatheon, Lysimachia, Myrsine, Ardisia.
Though its members have been included by recent classifications in the Ericales, the name ‘Primulales’ is used here for a clade containing the Primulaceae and Myrsinaceae. Members of the clade usually have spirally arranged leaves, and sympetalous flowers with stamens borne opposite to petals (www.mobot.org). Species of Primulaceae are herbs bearing capsular fruits whereas Myrsinaceae are trees or shrubs whose fruits are drupes (Allan 1961). The Theophrastaceae are a small group of shrubs, trees and perennial herbs bearing berries or capsules and with floral bracts more or less displaced up the pedicel. Maesa is a genus of shrubs and small trees bearing inferior to semi-inferior ovaries, two bracteoles and fruit with numerous angular seeds.
Synapomorphies (www.mobot.org, as Primulaceae): Inflorescence racemose; petals and stamens from common primordia; stamens equal to and opposite petals, staminodes opposite calyx, represented by at least a vascular trace; nectary present; gynoecium with 5 connate carpels, opposite corolla, placentation free-central, style short, hollow, stigma more or less capitate; ovules at least partly immersed in swollen placenta, micropyle bistomal, outer integument about 2 cells across, inner integument 3-4 cells across, endothelium present, tanniniferous; seeds angled; endotesta crystalliferous; endosperm nuclear, copious.
<==Primulales
|--Maesa [Maesaceae]T00
| |--M. chisiaD07
| |--M. dependensB00
| |--M. haplobotrysB00
| |--M. indicaC55b
| | |--M. i. var. indicaDD73
| | `--M. i. var. angustifoliaDD73
| |--M. macrophyllaSN88
| |--M. montanaSN88
| `--M. muelleriB00
|--TheophrastaceaeT00
| |--ClavijaK01
| |--Theophrasta jussieuiJK80
| |--Clavijopsis staubi Schindehütte 1907CBH93
| `--Jacquinia L. 1759L95
| |--J. armillaris Jacq. 1760 (see below for synonymy)L95
| |--J. aurantiacaJK80
| |--J. berteroi Spreng. 1825 [incl. J. berterii portoricensis Urb. 1899, J. berterii retusa Urb. 1899]L95
| |--J. eggersiiJ87
| |--J. purgenaJK80
| |--J. stenophylla Urb. 1899L95
| `--J. umbellata DC. 1844L95
|--PrimulaceaeT00
| |--Coris monspeliensisT00, C55a
| |--PrimulaJK80
| |--AndrosaceO88
| |--Omphalogramma elwesianaO88
| |--Asterolinon linum-stellatum (Linnaeus) Duby 1844JK80, PL04
| |--DodecatheonH93
| |--Cortusa matthioliJK80
| |--Centunculus minimusH93
| |--LysimachiaJK80
| |--Nummularia Hill 1756KC01
| |--HottoniaJK80
| | |--H. litoralisG39
| | `--H. palustrisJK80
| |--TrientalisJK80
| | |--T. arcticaH93
| | |--T. europaeaC55a
| | `--T. latifoliaH93
| |--CyclamenJK80
| | |--C. coumV09
| | |--C. europaeumM10
| | |--C. graecum Link 1835PL04
| | |--C. hederaefoliumC55b
| | `--C. persicumJK80
| |--Anagallis L. 1753L95
| | |--A. arvensis Linnaeus 1753PL04
| | | |--A. a. var. arvensisGK00
| | | `--A. a. var. caeruleaGK00
| | |--A. foeminaAGF98
| | |--A. linifoliaH93
| | `--A. phaeniceaC55b
| `--Samolus Linnaeus 1753A61
| |--S. caespitosusGK00
| |--S. ebracteatusH93
| |--S. junceusGK00
| |--S. parviflorus Raf. 1818L95 (see below for synonymy)
| |--S. repens (Forster & Forster) Pers. 1805A61 (see below for synonymy)
| | |--S. r. var. repensKM08
| | `--S. r. var. paucifoliusKM08
| `--S. valerandiJK80
`--Myrsinaceae [Myrsinales, Myrsineae, Myrsinoideae]T00
|--GrenacheriaYY22
|--HymenandraYY22
|--MonoporusYY22
|--WeigeltiaYY22
|--GeisanthusYY22
|--DiscocalyxYY22
|--ConomorphaYY22
|--AmblyanthopsisGDC02
|--MyrsineHD03
|--Myrsinopsis succinea Conwentz 1886CBH93
|--Pleiomerites reticulatus Ettingshausen 1868CBH93
|--Pleiomeropsis rottensis Weyland 1938CBH93
|--ArdisiaB00
|--Tapeinosperma pseudojambosaH90
|--Peckia Vell. 1825KC01
|--Suttonia Rich. 1832KC01
|--Cybianthus Mart. 1831 (nom. cons.)L95
| `--C. sintenisii (Urban) Agostini 1980 (see below for synonymy)L95
|--Stylogyne DC. 1841L95
| `--S. lateriflora (Sw.) Mez in Urb. 1901 (see below for synonymy)L95
|--Elingamita Baylis 1951A61
| `--*E. johnsonii Baylis 1951A61
|--Aegiceras [Aegicerataceae]T00
| |--A. corniculatum (Linnaeus) Blanco 1837HS14
| `--A. majusH09
|--Parathesis Hook. f. in Benth. & Hook. 1876L95
| |--P. crenulata (Vent.) Hook. f. ex Hemsl. 1882 [=Ardisia crenulata Vent. 1803]L95
| `--P. serrulataL95
|--AmblyanthusGDC02
| |--A. glandulosusGDC02
| |--A. multiflorusGDC02
| |--A. obovatus Giri, Das & Chowdhery 2002GDC02
| `--A. praetervisusGDC02
|--Wallenia Sw. 1788 (nom. cons.)L95
| |--W. aquifoliaJS87
| |--W. ekmaniiJ87
| |--W. formonensis Judd 1986JS87
| |--W. lamarckiana (DC.) Mez in Urb. 1901 (see below for synonymy)L95
| `--W. yunquensis (Urb.) Mez in Urb. 1901 (see below for synonymy)L95
|--RapaneaB00
| |--R. howittianaH90
| |--R. melanophloeusJK80
| |--R. minutifoliaH03
| |--R. porosaB00
| |--R. subsessilisH90
| `--R. variabilisB00
`--EmbeliaB00
|--E. australianaH90
|--E. curvinerviaB00
|--E. parvifloraDD73
|--E. philippinensisK03
|--E. ribesDD73
|--E. tsjeriam-cottamSR07
`--E. vestitaDD73
Cybianthus sintenisii (Urban) Agostini 1980 [=Ardisia sintenisii Urban 1899, Cybianthopsis sintenisii (Urban) Lundell 1968, Grammadenia sintenisii (Urban) Mez in Urban 1901]L95
Jacquinia armillaris Jacq. 1760 [incl. J. arborea Vahl 1797, J. armillaris arborea Griseb. 1861, Chrysophyllum barbasco Loefl. 1758, J. barbasco (Loefl.) Mez 1903]L95
Samolus parviflorus Raf. 1818L95 [incl. S. floribundus HBK. 1817L95, S. repens var. floribundusK90, S. valerandi var. floribundus (HBK.) Knuth 1905L95]
Samolus repens (Forster & Forster) Pers. 1805A61 [=Sheffieldia repens Forster & Forster 1776A61; incl. Sa. littoralisC06, Sa. repens var. procumbens Knuth 1905A61, Sa. repens var. strictus Cockayne 1916A61]
Stylogyne lateriflora (Sw.) Mez in Urb. 1901 [=Ardisia lateriflora Sw. 1788; incl. A. caribaea Miquel in Mart. 1856]L95
Wallenia lamarckiana (DC.) Mez in Urb. 1901 [=Badula lamarckiana DC. 1844; incl. Ardisia purpurascens corymbifera Urb. 1899, A. pendula Urb. 1899, Petesioides pendulum (Urb.) Britt. 1925, Wallenia pendula (Urb.) Mez in Urb. 1901, Ardisia purpurascens Urb. 1899]L95
Wallenia yunquensis (Urb.) Mez in Urb. 1901 [=Ardisia yunquensis Urb. 1899, Petesioides yunquense (Urb.) Britt. 1925]L95
*Type species of generic name indicated
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