Belongs within: Rallidae.
The Zapornini are a clade of smaller rails found in warmer regions of the Old World, united by molecular data.
<==Zapornini [Zaporniinae]KM21
|--Rallina Gray 1846KM21, G-RGT14
| | i. s.: R. kioloidesS66
| |--R. amauroptera (Eyton 1845) [incl. R. formosana, R. nigrolineata, R. telmatophila]L98
| |--R. eurizonoides (Lafresnaye 1845)G-RGT14 [=Gallinula eurizonoidesG-RGT14; incl. R. alvareziL98, R. minahasaL98]
| | |--R. e. eurizonoidesG-RGT14
| | `--R. e. sepiaria (Stejneger 1887)G-RGT14, I92
| `--+--+--*R. fasciata (Raffles 1822) [=Rallus fasciatus]G-RGT14
| | `--R. canningi (Tytler in Blyth 1863)L98, G-RGT14 [=Euryzona canningiG-RGT14]
| `--+--R. tricolor Gray 1858G-RGT14
| `--R. victa Hartert 1901L98
`--Zapornia Stephens in Shaw 1824KM21, CC10 (see below for synonymy)
| i. s.: Z. atraKM21
| Z. bicolorKM21
| Z. monasaKM21
| Z. olivieriKM21
| Z. palmeriKM21
|--Z. flavirostra (Swainson 1837)KM21, G-RGT14 (see below for synonymy)
`--+--+--Z. fusca (Linnaeus 1758)KM21, G-RGT14 [=Rallus fuscusG-RGT14, Corethrura fuscaL98, Porzana fuscaG-RGT14]
| |--Z. paykullii (Ljungh 1813)KM21, L98 (see below for synonymy)
| `--Z. sandwichensis (Gmelin 1789)KM21, L98 [=Rallus sandwichensisG-RGT14, Porzana (Corethrura) sandwichensisL98]
| |--Z. s. sandwichensisF02
| `--‘Porzana’ s. millsi (Dole 1878)F02
`--+--Z. tabuensis (Gmelin 1789)KM21, G-RGR14 (see below for synonymy)
`--+--Z. parva (Scopoli 1769)KM21, G-RGT14 (see below for synonymy)
`--Z. pusilla (Pallas 1776)KM21, CC10 [=Rallus pusillusG-RGT14, Porzana pusillaG-RGT14, *Schoenocrex pusillusCC10]
|--Z. p. pusillaCC10
|--‘Porzana’ p. affinis (Gray 1845) [=Ortygometra affinis]CC10
|--‘Porzana’ p. intermediaRN72
|--‘Porzana’ p. obscura Neumann 1897M-PG70
`--‘Porzana’ p. palustris Gould 1843 [incl. P. pusilla fitzroyi Mathews 1912]CC10
Zapornia Stephens in Shaw 1824KM21, CC10 [=Zaporina Forster 1827CC10; incl. Corethrura Gray 1846L98, Limnocorax Peters 1854L98, Phalaridion Kaup 1829CC10, Porzanoidea Mathews 1912CC10, Rallites Pucheran 1845CC10, Schoenocrex Roberts 1922CC10]
Zapornia flavirostra (Swainson 1837)KM21, G-RGT14 [=Amaurornis flavirostraG-RGT14, Gallinula flavirostraG-RGT14, Porzana (Limnocorax) flavirostraL98]
Zapornia parva (Scopoli 1769)KM21, G-RGT14 [=Rallus parvusG-RGT14, *Phalaridion parvumCC10, Porzana parvaG-RGT14, *Rallites parvaCC10; incl. *Zapornia pusilla non Rallus pusillus Pallas 1776CC10]
Zapornia paykullii (Ljungh 1813)KM21, L98 [=Rallus paykulliiG-RGT14, Rallina paykulliiL98, Porzana (Corethrura) paykulliiL98]
Zapornia tabuensis (Gmelin 1789)KM21, G-RGT14 [=Rallus tabuensisG-RGT14, Limnocorax tabuensisL98, Ortygometra tabuensisCC10, Porzana tabuensisG-RGT14; incl. Porzanoidea plumbea campbelli Mathews 1912CC10, Gallinula immaculata Swainson 1828CC10, Porzana tabuensis immaculataRN72, *Porzanoidea immaculataCC10, Rallus minor Ellman 1861CC10, Crex plumbea Gray in Griffith 1829CC10, Porzana tabuensis plumbeaCC10, Porzanoidea plumbeaCC10, Porzana plumbea roberti Mathews 1912CC10, Rallus rufopes Ellman 1861CC10]
*Type species of generic name indicated
References
[CC10] Checklist Committee (OSNZ). 2010. Checklist of the Birds of New Zealand, Norfolk and Macquarie Islands, and the Ross Dependency, Antarctica 4th ed. Ornithological Society of New Zealand and Te Papa Press: Wellington.
[F02] Fuller, E. 2002. Foreword. Extinct birds. In: Hoyo, J. del, A. Elliott & J. Sargatal (eds) Handbook of the Birds of the World vol. 7. Jacamars to Woodpeckers pp. 11–68. Lynx Edicions: Barcelona.
[G-RGT14] Garcia-R, J. C., G. C. Gibb & S. A. Trewick. 2014. Deep global evolutionary radiation in birds: diversification and trait evolution in the cosmopolitan bird family Rallidae. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 81: 96–108.
[I92] Iwahashi, J. (ed.) 1992. Reddo Deeta Animaruzu: a pictorial of Japanese fauna facing extinction. JICC: Tokyo.
[KM21] Kirchman, J. J., N. R. McInerney, T. C. Glarla, S. L. Olson, E. Slikas & R. C. Fleischer. 2021. Phylogeny based on ultra-conserved elements clarifies the evolution of rails and allies (Ralloidea) and is the basis for a revised classification. Ornithology 138: 1–21.
[L98] Livezey, B. C. 1998. A phylogenetic analysis of the Gruiformes (Aves) based on morphological characters, with an emphasis on the rails (Rallidae). Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B—Biological Sciences 353: 2077–2151.
[M-PG70] Mackworth-Praed, C. W., & C. H. B. Grant. 1970. African Handbook of Birds ser. 3 vol. 1. Birds of West Central and Western Africa. Longman: London.
[RN72] Rutgers, A., & K. A. Norris (eds.) 1972. Encyclopaedia of Aviculture vol. 1. Blandford Press: London.
[S66] Schlegel, H. 1866. Communication from, on mammals and birds collected in Madagascar. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1866: 419–426.