Belongs within: Globothalamea.
Contains: Robertinidae, Ceratobuliminidae, Epistomininae, Epistomariidae.
The Robertinida are a group of calcareous Foraminifera known from the Jurassic (possibly Triassic) to the present, in which the test wall is composed of aragonite rather than calcite. Members of the suborder Robertinina have a high, trochospiral test in which coiling is predominantly dextral (Loeblich & Tappan 1964b).
Characters (Loeblich & Tappan 1964b): Test trochospiral, chambers divided internally by partitions; wall perforate-radial in structure, of aragonite; aperture a low slit in chamber face, with secondary aperture in each septum above partition.
<==Robertinida [Robertinacea, Robertinoida]
|--Conorboididae [Conorboidacea, Conorboidina]M13
| |--Stedumia Bertram & Kemper 1982HW93
| |--Colomia Cushman & Bermúdez 1948HW93
| | |--*C. cretacea Cushman & Bermúdez 1948LT64b
| | `--C. californicaM08
| `--Conorboides Hofker in Thalmann 1952 [=Conorbis Hofker 1951 non Swainson 1840; incl. Nanushukella Tappan 1957]LT64b
| |--*C. mitra (Hofker 1951) [=*Conorbis mitra]LT64b
| |--C. hofkeriBL79
| `--C. umiatensis (Tappan 1957) [=*Nanushukella umiatensis]LT64b
|--RobertininaM13
| |--RobertinidaeM13
| `--AlliatinidaeM13
| |--Alliatina Troelsen 1954LT64b [AlliatininaeM13]
| | `--*A. excentrica (di Napoli Alliata 1952) [=Cushmanella excentrica]LT64b
| `--CushmanellinaeM13
| |--Sidebottomina Seiglie 1964M13
| `--Cushmanella Palmer & Bermúdez 1936M13
| `--*C. brownii (d’Orbigny in de la Sagra 1839) [=Nonionina brownii]LT64b
|--Ceratobuliminina [Ceratobuliminacea]M13
| |--CeratobuliminidaeM13
| |--Epistominoides Plummer 1934LT64b [EpistominoididaeM13]
| | `--*E. wilcoxensis (Cushman & Ponton 1932) [=Saracenaria wilcoxensis]LT64b
| |--Reinholdella Brotzen 1948LT64b [incl. Lamarckella Kaptarenko-Chernousova 1956LT64b; ReinholdellidaeM13]
| | |--*R. dreheri (Bartenstein in Bartenstein & Brand 1937) [=Discorbis dreheri, Asterigerina dreheri]LT64b
| | |--R. epistominoides Hofker 1952LT64b
| | `--R. media (Kaptarenko-Chernousova 1956) [=*Lamarckella media]LT64b
| `--EpistominidaeM13
| |--EpistomininaeM13
| `--Garantella Kaptarenko-Chernousova 1956LT64b [GarantellinaeM13]
| |--*G. rudia Kaptarenko-Chernousova 1956LT64b
| `--G. ornata [=Reinholdella ornata; incl. G. floscula]LT64b
|--Duostominina [Duostominacea]M13
| |--OberhauserellidaeM13
| | |--Krikoumbilica He 1984HW93
| | `--Oberhauserella Fuchs 1967HW93
| |--DuostominidaeM13
| | |--Duostomina Kristan-Tollmann 1960LT64b
| | | `--*D. biconvexa Kristan-Tollmann 1960LT64b
| | |--Diplotremina Kristan-Tollmann 1960HW93
| | | `--*D. astrofimbriata Kristan-Tollman 1960LT64b
| | `--Variostoma Kristan-Tollmann 1960HW93
| | `--*V. spinosum Kristan-Tollmann 1960LT64b
| `--AsymmetrinidaeM13
| |--Asymmetrina Kristan-Tollmann 1960LT64b
| | `--*A. biomphalica Kristan-Tollmann 1960LT64b
| |--Plagiostomella Kristan-Tollmann 1960 non Petr. 1949 (ICBN)HW93
| | `--*P. inflata Kristan-Tollmann 1960LT64b
| `--Involvina Kristan-Tollmann 1960HW93
| `--*I. obliqua Kristan-Tollmann 1960LT64b
`--Asterigerinida [Asterigerinacea]M13
|--ClypeorbioideaM13
| |--Clypeorbis Douvillé 1915LT64b [ClypeorbidaeM13]
| | `--*C. mamillata (Schlumberger 1902) [=Orbitoides mamillata]LT64b
| `--BoreloididaeM13
| |--Boreloides Cole & Bermúdez 1947LT64b
| | `--*B. cubensis Cole & Bermúdez 1947LT64b
| `--Eoconuloides Cole 1944B-F08
| |--*E. wellsi Cole & Bermúdez 1944LT64b
| `--E. lopeztrigoiB-F08
`--AsterigerinoideaM13
|--EpistomariidaeM13
|--Alfredina Singh & Kalia 1972HW93 [AlfredinidaeM13]
|--Actinosiphon Vaughan 1929LT64b [ActinosiphonidaeM13]
| `--*A. semmesi Vaughan 1929LT64b [=Lepidocyclina (*Actinosiphon) semmesiC40]
|--AsterigerinatidaeM13
| |--Asterigerinata Bermúdez 1949LT64b
| | |--*A. dominicana Bermúdez 1949LT64b
| | `--A. zealandica (Hornibrook 1961) [=Heminwayina zealandica]HSA97
| `--Eoeponidella Wickenden 1949HW93 [incl. Heminwayina Bermúdez 1951LT64b]
| |--*E. linki Wickenden 1949LT64b
| `--E. multisecta (Galloway & Heminway 1941) [=Discorbis multisectus, *Heminwayina multisecta]LT64b
|--AmphisteginidaeM13
| |--Tremastegina Brönnimann 1951LT64b
| | `--*T. senni (Cushman in Vaughan 1945) [=Amphistegina senni]LT64b
| `--Amphistegina d’Orbigny 1826 [incl. Omphalophacus Ehrenberg 1840]LT64b
| |--*A. vulgaris d’Orbigny 1826LT64b
| |--‘Omphalopacus’ hemprichii Ehrenberg 1840LT64b
| |--A. lessoni d’Orbigny 1826S05
| `--A. radiataLT64a
`--AsterigerinidaeM13
|--Asterigerinella Bandy 1949LT64b
| `--*A. gallowayi Bandy 1949LT64b
|--Asterigerinoides Bermúdez 1952LT64b
| `--*A. guerichi (Franke 1912) [=Discorbina guerichi]LT64b
`--Asterigerina d’Orbigny 1839HW93
|--*A. carinata d’Orbigny in de la Sagra 1839LT64b
`--A. bracteataC40
*Type species of generic name indicated
References
[BL79] Basov, V. A., B. G. Lopatin, I. S. Gramberg, A. I. Danjushevskaya, V. Ya. Kaban’kov, V. M. Lazurkin & D. K. Patrunov. 1979. Lower Cretaceous lithostratigraphy near Galicia Bank. Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project 47: 683–717.
[B-F08] BouDagher-Fadel, M. K. 2008. The Cenozoic larger benthic foraminifera: the Palaeogene. Developments in Palaeontology and Stratigraphy 21: 297–418.
[C40] Cushman, J. A. 1940. Foraminifera: Their classification and economic use 3rd ed. Harvard University Press: Cambridge (Massachusetts).
[HSA97] Haig, D. W., M. Smith & M. C. Apthorpe. 1997. Middle Eocene Foraminifera from the type Giralia Calcarenite, Gascoyne Platform, Southern Carnarvon Basin, Western Australia. Alcheringa 21: 229–245.
[HW93] Hart, M. B., & C. L. Williams. 1993. Protozoa. In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 43–70. Chapman & Hall: London.
[LT64a] Loeblich, A. R., Jr & H. Tappan. 1964a. Sarcodina: chiefly “thecamoebians” and Foraminiferida. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt C. Protista 2 vol. 1. The Geological Society of America and The University of Kansas Press.
[LT64b] Loeblich, A. R., Jr & H. Tappan. 1964b. Sarcodina: chiefly “thecamoebians” and Foraminiferida. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt C. Protista 2 vol. 2. The Geological Society of America and The University of Kansas Press.
[M08] McMillan, I. K. 2008. Reappraisal of foraminiferal assemblages of the Santonian–Campanian Mzamba Formation type section, and their correlation with the stratigraphic succession of the KwaZulu Basin. African Natural History 4: 25–34.
[M13] Mikhalevich, V. I. 2013. New insight into the systematics and evolution of the Foraminifera. Micropaleontology 59 (6): 493–527.
[S05] Semeniuk, T. A. 2005. Fossil foraminiferal assemblages from Pleistocene seagrass-bank deposits of the southern Perth Basin, Western Australia, and their palaeotemperature implications. Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia 88 (4): 177–190.