Belongs within: Bacillariophycidae.
Caloneis is a genus of linear to linear-lanceolate diatoms.
Characters (Wood 1961a): Valves more or less convex, linear to linear-lanceolate, occasionally panduriform or constricted, with transverse, smooth or finely punctate striae crossed by one or more longitudinal lines representing division between plane of central portion of valve and outer or convex part, which may be indistinct or broad and obvious.
<==Caloneis Cleve 1891G75
|--C. aequatorialis Hustedt 1922G63
|--C. alpestris (Grun.) Cl. 1894CFW59
|--C. amphisbaena (Bory) Cleve 1894 [=Navicula amphisbaena Bory 1824]W61a
| |--C. a. var. amphisbaenaW61a
| |--‘Navicula’ a. var. obtusaG64
| `--C. a. var. subsalina (Donkin) Cleve 1894 [=Navicula subsalina Donkin 1871]W61a
|--C. bacillumSG05
|--C. biseriata [=Navicula biseriata Petit 1877]CFW59
|--C. blanda (A.S.) Cl. 1894CFW59
|--C. campbellii [=Navicula campbellii Petit 1877]CFW59
|--C. excentrica (Grun.) Boyer 1927 [=Navicula excentrica Grun. 1860, C. liber var. excentrica (Grun.) Cleve 1894]W61a
|--C. formosa (Greg.) Cleve 1894 [=Navicula formosa Greg. 1856]W61b
| |--C. f. var. formosaM01
| `--C. f. var. quadrilineataM01
|--C. liber (Smith) Cleve 1894W61a (see below for synonymy)
| |--C. l. var. liberM01
| `--C. l. var. elongataM01
|--C. muscaCFW59
| |--C. m. var. muscaCFW59
| |--C. m. var. marginolineata [=Navicula margino-lineata]CFW59
| `--C. m. var. marginopunctata [=Navicula margino-punctata]CFW59
|--C. permagnaG63
|--C. powellii (Lewis) Cleve 1894 [=Navicula powellii Lewis 1861]W61a
|--C. schumannianaM01
| |--C. s. var. schumannianaM01
| `--C. s. var. trinodisM01
|--C. siliculaW61b
| |--C. s. var. siliculaW61b
| `--C. s. var. inflata (Grun.) Cleve 1894 [=Navicula limosa inflata Grun. 1860]W61b
`--C. ventricosaM89
Caloneis liber (Smith) Cleve 1894W61a [=Navicula liber Smith 1863W61a; incl. N. linearis Grun. 1860CFW59, Caloneis linearis (Grun.) Boyer 1927G75, CFW59, N. maxima Greg. 1857CFW59]
*Type species of generic name indicated
References
[CFW59] Crosby, L. H., & E. J. Ferguson Wood. 1959. Studies on Australian and New Zealand diatoms. II.—Normally epontic and benthic genera. Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand 86 (1): 1–58, pls 1–9.
[G63] Giffen, M. H. 1963. Contributions to the diatom flora of South Africa. I. Diatoms of the estuaries of the eastern Cape Province. Hydrobiologia 21: 201–265.
[G75] Giffen, M. H. 1975. An account of the littoral diatoms from Langebaan, Saldanha Bay, Cape Province, South Africa. Botanica Marina 18: 71–95.
[G64] Gray, J. E. 1864. Handbook of British Water-weeds or Algae. R. Hardwicke: London.
[M89] Mann, D. G. 1989. The diatom genus Sellaphora: separation from Navicula. British Phycological Journal 24 (1): 1–20.
[M01] Mereschkowsky, C. 1901. A list of Californian diatoms. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, series 7, 7: 292–300.
[SG05] Sau, A., & R. K. Gupta. 2005. Algal flora of Indian Botanic Garden, Howrah, West Bengal. Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India 47: 63–86.
[W61a] Wood, E. J. F. 1961a. Studies on Australian and New Zealand diatoms. IV.—Descriptions of further sedentary species. Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand 88 (4): 669–698.
[W61b] Wood, E. J. F. 1961b. Studies on Australian and New Zealand diatoms. V.—The Rawson Collection of recent diatoms. Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand 88 (4): 699–712.