Centrolenidae

Belongs within: Hyloidea.
Contains: Hyalinobatrachium.

The Centrolenidae, glass frogs, are a Neotropical family of mostly arboreal frogs with translucent skin on the underside of the abdomen, making many of the internal organs directly visible.

Synapomorphies (Frost et al. 2006): Anterior insertion of m. subarcualis rectus II–IV on ceratobranchial III; larval m. levator mandibulae externus present as one muscle body; processus anterolateralis of crista parotica absent; partes corpores medially separate; cleft between hyal arch and branchial arch I closed; ventral origin of m. flexor teretes III relative to corresponding m. transversi metacarporum I; terminal phalanges T-shaped.

<==CentrolenidaePW11
    |--HyalinobatrachinaePW11
    |    |--HyalinobatrachiumPW11
    |    `--CelsiellaPW11
    |         |--C. revocataPW11
    |         `--C. vozmedianoiPW11
    `--CentroleninaePW11
         |--+--Ikakogi tayronaFB17
         |  `--NymphargusFB17
         |       |--+--N. grandisonaeFB17 [=Centrolene grandisonaePW11]
         |       |  `--+--N. mixomaculatusPW11
         |       |     `--+--N. pluvialisPW11
         |       |        `--+--N. bejaranoiPW11
         |       |           `--N. posadaePW11
         |       `--+--N. griffithisPW11
         |          `--+--N. wileyiPW11
         |             `--+--+--N. cochranaePW11
         |                |  `--N. puyoensisPW11
         |                `--+--N. rosadusPW11
         |                   `--+--N. megacheirusPW11
         |                      `--N. sirenPW11
         `--+--Centrolene Jiménez de la Espada 1872FB17, FG06
            |    |  i. s.: C. prosobleponFG06
            |    |--+--C. daidaleumPW11
            |    |  `--+--C. savageiPW11
            |    |     `--+--C. antioquiensePW11
            |    |        `--C. peristictumPW11
            |    `--+--C. geckoideumPW11
            |       `--+--C. bacatumPW11
            |          `--+--+--C. hybridaPW11
            |             |  `--C. pipilatumPW11
            |             `--+--+--C. hesperiumPW11
            |                |  `--C. venezuelensePW11
            |                `--+--C. buckleyiPW11
            |                   `--+--C. altitudinalePW11
            |                      `--C. notostictumPW11
            `--+--TeratohylaFB17
               |    |--T. pulverataPW11
               |    `--+--T. midasPW11
               |       `--T. spinosaPW11
               `--+--RulyranaFB17
                  |    |--+--R. adiazetaPW11
                  |    |  `--R. susatamaiPW11
                  |    `--+--R. flavopunctataPW11
                  |       `--R. spiculataPW11
                  `--+--Chimerella mariaelenaeFB17
                     `--+--SachatamiaFB17
                        |    |--S. ilexPW11
                        |    `--+--S. albomaculataPW11
                        |       `--S. punctulataPW11
                        `--+--EspadaranaFB17
                           |    |--E. andinaPW11
                           |    `--+--E. callistommaPW11
                           |       `--E. prosobleponPW11
                           `--VitreoranaFB17
                                |--+--V. eurygnathaPW11
                                |  `--+--V. antisthenesiPW11
                                |     `--V. castroviejoiPW11
                                `--+--V. gorzulaeiPW11
                                   `--+--V. helenaePW11
                                      `--V. oyampiensisPW11

*Type species of generic name indicated

References

[FB17] Feng, Y.-J., D. C. Blackburn, D. Liang, D. M. Hillis, D. B. Wake, D. C. Cannatella & P. Zhang. 2017. Phylogenomics reveals rapid, simultaneous diversification of three major clades of Gondwanan frogs at the Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 114 (29): E5864–E5870.

[FG06] Frost, D. R., T. Grant, J. Faivovich, R. H. Bain, A. Haas, C. F. B. Haddad, R. O. de Sá, A. Channing, M. Wilkinson, S. C. Donnellan, C. J. Raxworthy, J. A. Campbell, B. L. Blotto, P. Moler, R. C. Drewes, R. A. Nussbaum, J. D. Lynch, D. M. Green & W. C. Wheeler. 2006. The amphibian tree of life. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 297: 1–370.

[PW11] Pyron, R. A., & J. J. Wiens. 2011. A large-scale phylogeny of Amphibia including over 2800 species, and a revised classification of extant frogs, salamanders, and caecilians. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 61: 543–583.