Belongs within: Myriapoda.
Contains: Geophilidae, Mecistocephalinae.
The Geophilomorpha are a group of slender, extremely elongate centipedes with at least 31 (often more) pedal segments that live in burrows or crevices. Geophilomorphs lack eyes and bear fourteen-segmented antennae (Mundel 1990). Within a species, the number of body segments is usually constant in members of the Mecistocephalidae, but it may vary in members of the clade Adesmata (Bonato et al. 2003).
<==Geophilomorpha [Geophilida, Geophiloidea]
|--AdesmataBFM03
| | i. s.: Stigmatogaster gracilis Meinert 1870BFM03
| |--Chilenophilidae [Chilenophilinae]K54
| | |--RibautiaGEW01
| | |--LestophilusK54
| | |--Nesidiphilus Chamberlin 1915 [incl. Suturodes Chamberlin 1922]K54
| | | |--N. montecristi Kraus 1954K54
| | | `--N. tardus (Chamberlin 1922)K54
| | |--Polycricus Saussure & Humbert 1872K54
| | | |--P. aequatorialis Silvestri 1902K54
| | | `--P. toltecus (Humbert & Saussure 1869) [=Arthronomalus toltecus, Geophilus toltecus]K54
| | |--Taiyuna opita Chamberlin 1912C12a
| | `--Gnathomerium umbraticum [incl. G. americanum]C12a
| `--GeophilidaeBFM03
`--Mecistocephalidae [Dicellophilidae]BFM03
|--ArrupinaeBFM03
| | i. s.: Partygarrupius Verhoeff 1939BFM03
| |--Agnostrup Foddai, Bonato et al. 2003BFM03
| | `--A. paucipes (Miyosi 1955)BFM03
| `--+--Nannarrup Foddai, Bonato et al. 2003BFM03
| | `--*N. hoffmani Foddai, Bonato et al. 2003BFM03
| `--Arrup Chamberlin 1912 [incl. Nodocephalus Attems 1928, Prolamnonyx Silvestri 1919]BFM03
| |--A. holstii (Pocock 1895)BFM03
| `--+--*A. pylorus Chamberlin 1912BFM03
| `--A. dentatus (Takakuwa 1934)BFM03
`--+--MecistocephalinaeBFM03
`--DicellophilinaeBFM03
|--Proterotaiwanella Bonato, Foddai & Minelli 2002BFM03
| |--*P. tanabei Bonato, Foddai & Minelli 2002BFM03
| `--P. sculptulata (Takakuwa 1936)BFM03
`--+--Anarrup Chamberlin 1920 [incl. Sundarrup Attems 1930]BFM03
| |--*A. nesiotes Chamberlin 1920BFM03
| `--A. flavipes (Attems 1930) [=*Sundarrup flavipes]BFM03
`--Dicellophilus Cook 1896BFM03
|--D. carniolensis (Koch 1847)BFM03
`--+--D. latifrons Takakuwa 1934BFM03
`--+--*D. limatus (Wood 1862)BFM03
`--D. anomalus (Chamberlin 1904)BFM03
Geophilomorpha incertae sedis:
OryidaeM90
|--Orphnaeus brevilabiatus (Newport 1845) [=Geophilus brevilabiatus]K54
`--Notiphilides maximilani (Humbert & Saussure 1870) (see below for synonymy)K55
Schendylidae [Schendylinae]M90
|--Schendylurus pallidus Kraus 1955K55
`--Escaryus urbicusC12a
Strigamia Gray 1842B83 [LinotaeniidaeBFM03]
|--S. acuminataA99
`--S. maritimaCV16
Zelanion antipodusMG06
SoniphilidaeM90
|--Soniphilus Chamberlin 1912C12a
| |--*S. embius Chamberlin 1912C12a
| `--S. secundusC12a
`--Poaphilus Chamberlin 1912C12a
`--*P. kewinus Chamberlin 1912C12a
SogonidaeM90
|--Timpina texanaC12a
`--Sogona minimaC12a
TampiyidaeM90
AphilodontidaeM90
EriphantidaeM90
DignathodontidaeM90
HimantaridaeM90
|--HaplophilusC12a
`--Gosiphilus laticepsC12a
BallophilidaeM90
NeogeophilidaeM90
Gonibregmatus Newport 1842N42 [GonibregmatidaeM90]
|--*G. cumingii Newport 1842N42
|--G. plurimipesA99
`--‘Geophilus’ walckenaeriN42
Tuoba laticepsMC13
Clinopodes Koch 1847B83
`--C. linearisA99
Dinogeophilus oligopodusA99
Calciphilus abboti Chamberlin 1949RB93
Sogophagus Chamberlin 1912 [=Geophagus Attems 1897 non Haeckel 1840]C12b
Pokabius Chamberlin 1912C12c
Notiphilides maximilani (Humbert & Saussure 1870) [=Notiphilus maximilani; incl. Keporya miranda Chamberlin 1941, Notiphilides maximilani miranda]K55
*Type species of generic name indicated
References
[A99] Ax, P. 1999. Das System der Metazoa II. Ein Lehrbuch der phylogenetischen Systematik. Gustav Fisher Verlag: Stuttgart (translated: 2000. Multicellular Animals: The phylogenetic system of the Metazoa vol. 2. Springer).
[B83] Berlese, A. 1883. Acari, Myriopoda et Scorpiones hucusque in Italia reperta. Fascicle 4. Typis Fratelli Salmin: Patavii.
[BFM03] Bonato, L., D. Foddai & A. Minelli. 2003. Evolutionary trends and patterns in centipede segment number based on a cladistic analysis of Mecistocephalidae (Chilopoda: Geophilomorpha). Systematic Entomology 28: 539–579.
[CV16] Cannon, J. T., B. C. Vellutini, J. Smith, III, F. Ronquist, U. Jondelius & A. Hejnol. 2016. Xenacoelomorpha is the sister group to Nephrozoa. Nature 530: 89–93.
[C12a] Chamberlin, R. V. 1912a. Notes on Geophiloidea from Iowa and some neighbouring states. Canadian Entomologist 44 (3): 65–72.
[C12b] Chamberlin, R. V. 1912b. Note on Geophagus. Canadian Entomologist 44 (7): 220.
[C12c] Chamberlin, R. V. 1912c. Change of name. Canadian Entomologist 44 (10): 316.
[GEW01] Giribet, G., G. D. Edgecombe & W. C. Wheeler. 2001. Arthropod phylogeny based on eight molecular loci and morphology. Nature 413: 157–161.
[K54] Kraus, O. 1954. Myriapoden aus El Salvador. Senckenbergiana Biologica 35 (5-6): 293–349.
[K55] Kraus, O. 1955. Myriapoden aus Peru, III. Senckenbergiana Biologica 36 (3-4): 173–200.
[MC13] Majer, J. D., S. K. Callan, K. Edwards, N. R. Gunawardene & C. K. Taylor. 2013. Baseline survey of the terrestrial invertebrate fauna of Barrow Island. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 83: 13–112.
[MG06] Mallatt, J., & G. Giribet. 2006. Further use of nearly complete 28S and 18S rRNA genes to classify Ecdysozoa: 37 more arthropods and a kinorhynch. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 40: 772–794.
[M90] Mundel, P. 1990. Chilopoda. In: Dindal, D. L. (ed.) Soil Biology Guide pp. 819–833. John Wiley & Sones: New York.
[N42] Newport, G. 1842. On some new genera of the class Myriapoda. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 10: 177–181.
[RB93] Ross, A. J., & D. E. G. Briggs. 1993. Arthropoda (Euthycarcinoidea and Myriapoda). In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 357–361. Chapman & Hall: London.