Nemesiidae

Belongs within: Avicularoidea.

The Nemesiidae are a fairly generalised family of mygalomorph spiders characterised by a double row of teeth on the paired leg claws, at least in females. They live in silk-lined burrows of various forms, with some species closing their burrow with a lid. In most subfamilies, both males and females have biserially dentate leg claws but in males of the subfamily Bemmerinae the teeth are arranged in an S-shaped row (Jocqué & Dippenaar-Schoeman 2007).

Characters (from Jocqué & Dippenaar-Schoeman 2007): Medium-sized to very large; cephalic region low; eight eyes present in two rows; palpal claw of female with teeth on promargin; tarsi with scopulae, three tarsal claws present or rarely two, paired claws broad, biserially dentate; four spinnerets present, apical segment of posterior spinnerets digitiform.

<==Nemesiidae [Nemesieae]
    |--BemmerinaeJD-S07
    |--DiplothelopsinaeJD-S07
    |--IxamatusR14 [=Ixalus Koch 1873 (preoc.)R14; IxamatinaeJD-S07]
    |    |--*I. varius (Koch 1873) [=Ixalus varius, Hapalothele varia]R14
    |    |--I. broomiiR14
    |    `--I. gregoriiR14
    |--PycnothelinaeLP08
    |    |--ChacoLP08
    |    |--HermachuraLP08
    |    |--ProrachiasLP08
    |    |--PsalistopoidesLP08
    |    |--PselligmusLP08
    |    |--RachiasLP08
    |    |--StenoterommataLP08
    |    `--Neostothis Vellard 1925LP08
    |         `--*N. gigas Vellard 1925LP08
    `--Nemesia Audouin 1826 [Nemesiinae]JD-S07
         |--N. badiaR13
         |--N. bristowei Decae 2005F05
         |--N. caementariaR95
         |--N. corsica Simon 1914K55
         |--N. dubiaK55
         |--N. ibiza Decae 2005F05
         |--N. kahmanni Kraus 1955K55
         |--N. randa Decae 2005F05
         |--N. santeugenia Decae 2005F05
         |--N. santeulalia Decae 2005F05
         |--N. seldeni Decae 2005F05
         `--N. valenciae Kraus 1955K55
Nemesiidae incertae sedis:
  ‘Trechona’ adspersa Bertkau 1880PCBFF08
  Stanwellia Rainbow & Pulleine 1918MF09
    |--S. bipectinata (Todd 1945) [=Aparua bipectinata]PVD10
    |--S. hapua (Forster 1968) [=Aparua hapua]PVD10
    |--S. hollowayi (Forster 1968) [=Aparua hollowayi]PVD10
    |--S. houhora (Forster 1968) [=Aparua houhora]PVD10
    |--S. kaituna (Forster 1968) [=Aparua kaituna]PVD10
    |--S. media (Forster 1968) [=Aparua media]PVD10
    |--S. puna (Forster 1968) [=Aparua puna]PVD10
    |--S. regia (Forster 1968) [=Aparua regia]PVD10
    |--S. taranga (Forster 1968) [=Aparua taranga]PVD10
    `--S. tuna (Forster 1968) [=Aparua tuna]PVD10
  Cretamygale Selden 2002S02
    `--*C. chasei Selden 2002S02
  Scalidognathus Karsch 1892K92
    `--*S. seticeps Karsch 1892K92
  Merredinia Main 1983MF09
  Pseudoteyl Main 1985MF09
  TeyliniM12
    |--Teyl Main 1975MF09
    `--TeyloidesM12
  EntypesaJD-S07
  SpiroctenusS99
  HermeasS99

*Type species of generic name indicated

References

[F05] Fernández, J. 2005. Noticia de nuevos táxones para la ciencia en el ámbito Íbero-Balear y Macaronésico. Nuevos táxones animales descritos en la península Ibérica y Macaronesia desde 1994 (IX). Graellsia 61 (2): 261–282.

[JD-S07] Jocqué, R., & A. S. Dippenaar-Schoeman. 2007. Spider Families of the World. Royal Museum for Central Africa: Tervuren (Belgium).

[K92] Karsch, F. 1892. Arachniden von Ceylon und von Minikoy gesammelt von den Herren Doctoren P. und F. Sarasin. Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift 36 (2): 267–310.

[K55] Kraus, O. 1955. Spinnen von Korsika, Sardinien und Elba (Arach., Araneae). Senckenbergiana Biologica 36: 371–394.

[LP08] Lucas, S. M., V. Passanha, C. R. V. Janini & R. P. Indicatti. 2008. On the genus Neostothis Vellard (Araneae, Nemesiidae). Journal of Arachnology 36 (2): 472–475.

[M12] Main, B. Y. 2012. Description and biogeographic implications of a new species of the Chenistonia maculata group from south-western Western Australia and rediagnosis of Chenistonia (Araneae: Mygalomorphae: Nemesiidae). Records of the Western Australian Museum 27 (2): 176–181.

[MF09] Main, B. Y., & V. W. Framenau. 2009. A new genus of mygalomorph spider from the Great Victoria Desert and neighbouring arid country in south-eastern Western Australia (Araneae: Nemesiidae). Records of the Western Australian Museum 25 (3): 277–285.

[PVD10] Paquin, P., C. J. Vink & N. Dupérré. 2010. Spiders of New Zealand: annotated family key and species list. Manaaki Whenua Press: Lincoln (New Zealand).

[PCBFF08] Pedroso, D. R., R. L. Cerqueira Baptista & P. S. Fiúza Ferreira. 2008. Trechona rufa (Araneae, Dipluridae): new status, redescription and neotype designation with notes on the genus. Journal of Arachnology 36 (2): 360–367.

[R14] Rainbow, W. J. 1914. Studies in Australian Araneidae, no. 6, the Terretelariae. Records of the Australian Museum 10 (8): 187–270.

[R95] Raven, R. J. 1995. Coxal glands of spiders of the genera Bymainiella, Atrax and Namea (Hexathelidae, Dipluridae, Mygalomorphae). Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 52: 67–71.

[R13] Reuter, O. M. 1913. Lebensgewohnheiten und Instinkte der Insekten bis zum Erwachen der sozialen Instinkte. R. Friedländer & Sohn: Berlin.

[S02] Selden, P. A. 2002. First British Mesozoic spider, from Cretaceous amber of the Isle of Wight, southern England. Palaeontology 45 (5): 973–983.