Belongs within: Lamiales.
Contains: Mimulus section Paradanthus, Mimulus section Eunanus.
The Phrymaceae are a smaller group of herbs and subshrubs with tubular, bilaterally symmetrical flowers, most of which were historically classified within the related family Scrophulariaceae. Flowers bear two flat stigma lobes that fold together when touched.
Characters (Jepson Herbarium): Annual to shrub. Stem with cross-section generally round. Leaves opposite, simple, generally entire or toothed; stipules absent. Inflorescence a spike, raceme, or panicle, bracted, or flowers 1–2 in axils. Flower bisexual; calyx radial or more or less bilateral, tube long, generally ribbed, lobes 5; corolla generally bilateral, generally 2-lipped, upper 2- (rarely 1-)lobed, lower 3-lobed; stamens 4 in 2 pairs, epipetalous, included or exserted; pistil 1, ovary superior, chambers 1–2, placentas parietal or axile, style 1, stigma lobes 2, flat, folding together when touched. Fruit generally a capsule, generally ellipsoid, loculicidal (rarely indehiscent, 1-seeded).
<==Phrymaceae
|--Phryma leptostachyaC55
|--Microcarpaea minimaLK14
`--Mimulus Linnaeus 1753BS04, A61 [=M. subg. MimulusBS04, M. subg. SynplacusBS04; Mimuleae, Mimulinae]
| i. s.: M. platycalyxM68
| M. prostratusBR65
| M. repens Br. 1810 [incl. M. colensoi Kirk 1871]A61
| M. strictus Benth. 1835SY72
|--M. sect. MimulusBS04
| |--M. uvedaliaeBS04
| | |--M. u. var. uvedaliaeLK14
| | `--M. u. var. luteaLK14
| `--+--M. gracilisBS04
| `--M. ringensBS04
`--+--+--Leucocarpus perfoliatusBS04
| `--M. sect. ParadanthusBS04
`--+--+--Berendtiella rugosaBS04
| `--Hemichaena fruticosaBS04
`--M. subg. SchizoplacusBS04
|--Mimulus (sect. Mimuloides) pilosus [=Mimetanthe pilosa]BS04
`--+--+--M. parryiBS04
| `--M. rupicolaBS04
`--+--M. sect. EunanusBS04
`--+--M. (sect. Mimulastrum) pictusBS04
`--M. sect. OenoeBS04
| i. s.: M. brandegeiBS04
| M. latifoliusBS04
| M. traskiaeBS04
|--+--M. pygmaeusBS04
| `--+--M. tricolorBS04
| `--+--M. angustatusBS04
| `--M. pulchellusBS04
`--+--+--M. torreyiBS04
| `--+--M. kelloggiiBS04
| `--+--M. congdoniiBS04
| `--M. douglasiiBS04
`--M. sect. DiplacusBS04
|--M. aridusBS04
|--M. aurantiacusBS04 (see below for synonymy)
| |--M. a. ssp. aurantiacusBS04
| `--M. a. ssp. australisBS04
|--M. bifidusBS04
| |--M. b. ssp. bifidusBS04
| `--M. b. ssp. fasciculatusBS04
|--M. clevelandiiBS04
|--M. flemingiiBS04
|--M. longiflorusBS04
| |--M. l. ssp. longiflorusBS04
| `--M. l. ssp. calycinusBS04
`--M. puniceusBS04
Mimulus aurantiacusBS04 [incl. M. aurantiacus var. lompocensisH93, M. longiflorus var. rutilusH93]
*Type species of generic name indicated
References
[A61] Allan, H. H. 1961. Flora of New Zealand vol. 1. Indigenous Tracheophyta: Psilopsida, Lycopsida, Filicopsida, Gymnospermae, Dicotyledones. R. E. Owen, Government Printer: Wellington (New Zealand).
[BS04] Beardsley, P. M., S. E. Schoenig, J. B. Whittall & R. G. Olmstead. 2004. Patterns of evolution in western North American Mimulus (Phrymaceae). American Journal of Botany 91 (3): 474–489.
[BR65] Black, J. M., & E. L. Robertson. 1965. Flora of South Australia. Part IV. Oleaceae–Compositae. W. L. Hawes, Government Printer: Adelaide.
[C55] Candolle, A. de. 1855. Géographie Botanique Raisonée: Ou exposition des faits principaux et des lois concernant la distribution géographique des plantes de l’époque actuelle vol. 2. Librairie de Victor Masson: Paris.
[H93] Hickman, J. C. (ed.) 1993. The Jepson Manual: Higher Plants of California. University of California Press: Berkeley (California).
[LK14] Lyons, M. N., G. J. Keighery, L. A. Gibson & T. Handasyde. 2014. Flora and vegetation communities of selected islands off the Kimberley coast of Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 81: 205–244.
[M68] Munz, P. A. 1968. Supplement to a California Flora. University of California Press.
[SY72] Shah, G. L., & D. V. Yogi. 1972. Nomenclatural changes in some Bombay plants—IV. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 69 (2): 444–449.