Belongs within: Poales.
Contains: Leptocarpus, Restio, Centrolepis, Lepyrodia.
The Restionaceae are a group of rush-like plants found in southern parts of the world, particularly Africa, Australasia and southeast Asia. Leaves are commonly reduced to sheaths around the photosynthetic stems. Smaller species that retain distinct linear or setaceous leaves have historically been distinguished as a separate family Centrolepidaceae. Most have single-celled anthers though two-celled anthers are present in the basal genus Anarthria (Bentham 1878).
<==Restionaceae [Anarthriaceae, Centrolepidaceae, Farinosae, Restionineae]APG16
|--AnarthriaDS04
| |--A. gracilis [incl. A. canaliculata, A. grandiflora, A. humilis, A. ischaemoides]B78
| |--A. laevisGK00
| |--A. polyphyllaDS04
| |--A. prolifera [incl. A. pauciflora]B78
| `--A. scabraGK00
`--+--Baloskion tetraphyllumDS04
`--+--LepyrodiaDS04
`--+--Thamnochortus cinereusDS04
`--ElegiaDS04
|--E. capensisGPWG01
|--E. fenestrataDS04
`--E. stipularisGPWG01
Restionaceae incertae sedis:
LeptocarpusME70
PhyllocomosYY22
AskidiospermaYY22
CannomoisYY22
Chaetanthus leptocarpoides [incl. Prionosepalum gilberti]B78
DielsiaYY22
DoveaYY22
Harperia laterifloraOS04
Hypodiscus Nees 1836KC01
HypolaenaB78
|--H. exsulca [incl. H. esenbeckii, H. grandiuscula, Restio vacillans]B78
`--H. fastigiata [incl. Restio clavatus]B78
LepidobolusB78
|--L. chaetocephalusB78
|--L. drapetocoleusB78
`--L. preissianusOS04
OnychosYY22
RestioB78
StaberonaYY22
WilldenowiaYY22
LoxocaryaRL05
|--L. cinerea [incl. Calorophus asper]B78
|--L. densa [=Calorophus densus]B78
|--L. fasciculata [=Restio fasciculatus; incl. Desmocladus brunonianus]B78
|--L. flexuosa [=Calorophus flexuosus, Restio flexuosus; incl. C. crispatus]B78
|--L. pubescens [=Hypolaena pubescens, Restio pubescens]B78
|--L. vestitaB78
`--L. virgataB78
EmpodismaHE80
|--E. gracillimumP05
`--E. minusHE80 (see below for synonymy)
Alexgeorgia nitensRL05
DesmocladusRL05
|--D. asperOS04
|--D. fasciculataRL05
`--D. flexuosaRL05
ChondropetalumGPWG01
Apodasmia ceramophilaGK00, GKL04
Meeboldina denmarkicaGK00
Sporadanthus Muell. 1874ME70
`--*S. traversii (Muell.) Muell. ex Kirk 1878 [=Lepyrodia traversii Muell. 1873]ME70
Calorophus Labill. 1806ME70
|--*C. elongataME70 [=Calostrophus elongatusB78, Lepyrodia elongataB78]
|--‘Hypolaena’ gracillima [=Calostrophus gracillimus]B78
|--‘Hypolaena’ lateriflora [=Calostrophus lateriflorus, Restio lateriflorus; incl. Leptocarpus squarrosus]B78
|--‘Hypolaena’ longissimaB78
`--C. minor Hook. f. 1853ME70 (see below for synonymy)
ApheliaSR07
|--A. brizula [incl. Brizula muelleri]B78
|--A. cyperoidesGK00
|--A. drummondii [=Brizula drummondii]B78
|--A. gracilis [=Brizula gracilis]B78
|--A. nutansB78
`--A. pumilio [=Brizula pumilio]B78
Gaimardia Gaud. 1825ME70
|--*G. australisME70
`--G. setacea Hook. f. 1853ME70
CentrolepisME70
Podostachys bureauana Marion 1872CBH93
Milfordia incerta Krutzsch 1970CBH93
Restiacites pleiocaulis Saporta 1861CBH93
Onychosepalum laxiflorumB78
Nomina nuda: Chaetanthus aristatus Gibson & Keighery 2000GK00
Hypolaena humilis Gibson & Keighery 2000GK00
Meeboldina cana Gibson & Keighery 2000GK00
Meeboldina coangustata Gibson & Keighery 2000GK00
Meeboldina kraussii Gibson & Keighery 2000GK00
Meeboldina roycei Gibson & Keighery 2000GK00
Meeboldina scariosa Gibson & Keighery 2000GK00
Meeboldina tephrina Gibson & Keighery 2000GK00
Sporadanthus strictus Gibson & Keighery 2000GK00
Empodisma minusHE80 [=Calorophus minor Hook. f. 1853HE80, ME70, C. elongatus var. minor Hook. f. 1858ME70, Hypolaena lateriflora var. minor (Hook. f.) Cheeseman 1906ME70]
*Type species of generic name indicated
References
[APG16] Angiosperm Phylogeny Group. 2016. An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG IV. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 181: 1–20.
[B78] Bentham, G. 1878. Flora Australiensis: A description of the plants of the Australian Territory vol. 7. Roxburghiaceae to Filices. L. Reeve & Co.: London.
[CBH93] Collinson, M. E., M. C. Boulter & P. L. Holmes. 1993. Magnoliophyta (‘Angiospermae’). In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 809–841. Chapman & Hall: London.
[DS04] Davis, J. I., D. W. Stevenson, G. Petersen, O. Seberg, L. M. Campbell, J. V. Freudenstein, D. H. Goldman, C. R. Hardy, F. A. Michelangeli, M. P. Simmons, C. D. Specht, F. Vergara-Silva & M. Gandolfo. 2004. A phylogeny of the monocots, as inferred from rbcL and atpA sequence variation, and a comparison of methods for calculating jackknife and bootstrap values. Systematic Botany 29 (3): 467–510.
[GK00] Gibson, N., & G. J. Keighery. 2000. Flora and vegetation of the Byenup-Muir reserve system, south-west Western Australia. CALMScience 3 (3): 323–402.
[GKL04] Gibson, N., G. J. Keighery & J. A. K. Lane. 2004. Five years monitoring of the Lake Muir-Unicup wetland system, south-western Australia. Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia 87 (2): 29–33.
[GPWG01] Grass Phylogeny Working Group. 2001. Phylogeny and subfamilial classification of the grasses (Poaceae). Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 88 (3): 373–457.
[HE80] Healy, A. J., & E. Edgar. 1980. Flora of New Zealand vol. 3. Adventive cyperaceous, petalous and spathaceous monocotyledons. P. D. Hasselberg, Government Printer: Wellington (New Zealand).
[KC01] Kirk, P. M., P. F. Cannon, J. C. David & J. A. Stalpers. 2001. Ainsworth & Bisby’s Dictionary of the Fungi 9th ed. CAB International: Wallingford (UK).
[ME70] Moore, L. B., & E. Edgar. 1970. Flora of New Zealand vol. 2. Indigenous Tracheophyta: Monocotyledones except Gramineae. A. R. Shearer, Government Printer: Wellington (New Zealand).
[OS04] Obbens, F. J., & L. W. Sage. 2004. Vegetation and flora of a diverse upland remnant of the Western Australian wheatbelt (Nature Reserve A21064). Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia 87 (1): 19–28.
[P05] Pinder, A. M. 2005. A review of biodiversity in wetlands with organic sediments on the Swan Coastal Plain, Western Australia, with an emphasis on aquatic invertebrates. Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia 88 (3): 129–132.
[RL05] Rafferty, C., & B. B. Lamont. 2005. Selective feeding by macropods on vegetation regenerating following fire. Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia 88 (4): 155–165.
[SR07] Saarela, J. M., H. S. Rai, J. A. Doyle, P. K. Endress, S. Mathews, A. D. Marchant, B. G. Briggs & S. W. Graham. 2007. Hydatellaceae identified as a new branch near the base of the angiosperm phylogenetic tree. Nature 446: 312–315.
[YY22] Yampolsky, C., & H. Yampolsky. 1922. Distribution of sex forms in the phanerogamic flora. Bibliotheca Genetica 3: 1–62.