Belongs within: Diplostomida.
Contains: Schistosomatinae.
The Schistosomatidae, blood flukes, are elongate, unisexual flukes inhabiting the blood capillaries of tetrapods (Dawes 1956).
Characters (Dawes 1956): Greatly elongate, unisexual, dimorphic Digenea parasitic in blood-vascular system of vertebrates. Female longer and more slender than male, sometimes carried in ventral groove (gynaecophoric canal) formed by ventrally flexed lateral outgrowths of the body. Suckers poorly developed, sometimes absent in one or both sexes. Pharynx absent, oesophagus short, caeca very long and united posteriorly to form single caecum, sometimes having lateral diverticula. Genital pore situated behind ventral sucker (when present). Male having four or more, sometimes numerous testes situated anteriorly or posteriorly; female having single, compact ovary, situated in posterior region, just in front of union of caeca. Vitellaria well developed, posterior to ovary. Excretory system having short median stem and long lateral canals reaching almost to the anterior extremity. Flame-cell formula 2 [(2)n + (2)n] or 2 [(3)n + (3)n]. Eggs few, thin-shelled, non-operculate, sometimes having short lateral or terminal spine. Hosts birds and mammals. Location blood vessels. Miracidium having two pairs of flame cells. Redia absent from life history. Cercaria furcocercous, entering final host by way of skin. No encysted metacercarial stage in development.
<==Schistosomatidae [Bilharziidae, Schistosomidae]
|--Griphobilharzia Platt, Blair et al. 1991 [Griphobilharziinae]LO03
`--+--SchistosomatinaeLO03
`--BilharziellinaeLO03
| i. s.: Jilinobilharzia Liu & Bai 1976LO03
| `--J. crecci Liu & Bai 1976 [=Sinobilharzia crecci]LO03
| Pseudobilharziella Ejsmont 1929D56
| |--P. burnetti Brackett 1942D56
| |--P. filiformis Szidat 1939D56
| |--P. horiconensis Brackett 1942D56
| |--P. kegonensis Brackett 1942D56
| |--P. kowalewskii Ejsmont 1929D56
| |--P. querquedulae McLeod 1937D56
| |--P. waubensis Brackett 1942D56
| `--P. yokogawai (Oiso 1927)D56
|--Bilharziella Looss 1899LO03
| `--B. polonica (Kowalewski 1895)LO03 [=Bilharzia polonicaD56, Schistosoma polonicumD56]
`--+--Trichobilharzia Skrjabin & Zakharow 1920LO03
| | i. s.: ‘Cercaria’ parocellata Johnston & Simpson 1939M58
| |--T. regenti Horak, Kolarova & Dvorak 1998LO03
| `--+--T. ocellata (La Valette 1855)LO03 [=Cercaria ocellataD56; incl. T. kossarewi Skrjabin & Zakharov 1920D56]
| `--T. szidati Neuhaus 1952LO03
`--GigantobilharziinaeLO03
|--Dendritobilharzia Skrjabin & Zakharow 1920LO03
| `--D. pulverulenta (Braun 1901)LO03
`--Gigantobilharzia Odhner 1910LO03
|--G. acotylea Odhner 1910D56
|--G. egreta Lal 1937D56
|--G. gyrauli (Brackett 1940)D56
|--G. huronensis Najim 1950LO03
|--G. lawayi Brackett 1942D56
`--G. monocotylea Szidat 1930D56
*Type species of generic name indicated
References
[D56] Dawes, B. 1956. The Trematoda with special reference to British and other European forms 2nd ed. University Press: Cambridge.
[LO03] Lockyer, A. E., P. D. Olson, P. Østergaard, D. Rollinson, D. A. Johnston, S. W. Attwood, V. R. Southgate, P. Horak, S. D. Snyder, T. H. Le, T. Agatsuma, D. P. McManus, A. C. Carmichael, S. Naem & D. T. J. Littlewood. 2003. The phylogeny of the Schistosomatidae based on three genes with emphasis on the interrelationships of Schistosoma Weinland, 1858. Parasitology 126: 203–224.
[M58] Mackerras, M. J. 1958. Catalogue of Australian mammals and their recorded internal parasites. I–IV. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 83 (2): 101–160.