Belongs within: Scombrimorpharia.
The Scombridae, mackerels, are fast-swimming fishes inhabiting the open ocean. Tunas and other taxa historically included in this family may be placed elsewhere due to lack of monophyly.
Characters (Collette 2002): Streamlined form tapering to snout and tail, scales absent or very small, two dorsal fins, one spiny and one soft, 5–12 small finlets behind soft dorsal fin and behind anal fin, very slender caudal peduncle with two small keels at base, deeply forked or lunate caudal fin. Pectoral fins place high on body, with 19–36 rays; pelvic fins I, 5; vertebrae 31–64; hypural plate mostly covered by caudal fin rays; caudal fin rays supported by three to five centra.
<==Scombridae [Cybiidae]
| i. s.: RastrelligerM58
| |--R. brachysoma (Bleeker 1851) [=Scomber brachysoma]M58
| `--R. kanagurta (Cuvier 1829)M58 (see below for synonymy)
| Nesogrammus piersoni Evermann & Seale 1906JR10
|--GasterochismaB96 [GasterochismatinaeC02, Gasterochismatini]
| `--G. melampusB96
`--Scombrinae [Katsuwonidae]C02
| i. s.: Cybiosarda elegansG75
|--Grammatorcynus [Grammatorcynini]P93
| |--G. bicarinatus (Quoy & Gaimard 1824) [=Thynnus bicarinatus]M58
| |--G. bilineatus (Rüppell 1836)MM09
| `--G. scomberoides Arambourg 1967P93
`--ScombriniP93
|--ScombrosardaP93
| |--S. decipiens (Casier 1966)P93
| `--S. turkmenica Danil’chenko 1968P93
`--Scomber Linnaeus 1758ND13, L58
|--S. amia Linnaeus 1758L58
|--S. australasicus Cuvier 1831M58
|--S. colias Gmelin 1789 [=Pneumatophorus colias]C02
|--S. glaucus Linnaeus 1758L58
|--S. japonicus Houttuyn 1782 [incl. S. uam Thiollière 1857]M58
|--S. kanaguntaP61
|--S. pelagicus Linnaeus 1758L58
|--S. scombrus Linnaeus 1758C02
`--S. thynnus Linnaeus 1758L58
Rastrelliger kanagurta (Cuvier 1829)M58 [=Scomber kanagurtaM58; incl. S. chrysozonus Peters 1876M58, S. loo Lesson 1829M58, Rastrelliger looJR10, S. microlepidotus Meyer 1885M58, R. serventyiM58]
*Type species of generic name indicated
References
[B96] Bond, C. E. 1996. Biology of Fishes 2nd ed. Saunders College Publishing: Fort Worth.
[C02] Collette, B. B. 2002. Mackerels. Family Scombridae. In: Collette, B. B., & G. Klein-MacPhee (eds) Bigelow and Schroeder’s Fishes of the Gulf of Maine 3rd ed. pp. 516–536. Smithsonian Institute Press: Washington.
[G75] Grant, E. M. 1975. Guide to Fishes. The Co-ordinator-General’s Department: Brisbane (Australia).
[JR10] Jordan, D. S., & R. E. Richardson. 1910. Check-list of the species of fishes known from the Philippine archipelago. Bureau of Printing: Manila.
[L58] Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis revised 10th ed. vol. 1. Laurentii Salvii: Holmiae.
[MM09] Moore, G., & S. Morrison. 2009. Fishes of three North West Shelf atolls of Western Australia: Mermaid (Rowley Shoals), Scott and Seringapatam Reefs. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 77: 221–255.
[M58] Munro, I. S. R. 1958. The fishes of the New Guinea region: a check-list of the fishes of New Guinea incorporating records of species collected by the Fisheries Survey Vessel “Fairwind” during the years 1948 to 1950. Papua and New Guinea Agricultural Journal 10 (4): 97–369 (reprinted: 1958. Territory of Papua and New Guinea Fisheries Bulletin no. 1).
[ND13] Near, T. J., A. Dornburg, R. I. Eytan, B. P. Keck, W. L. Smith, K. L. Kuhn, J. A. Moore, S. A. Price, F. T. Burbrink, M. Friedman & P. C. Wainwright. 2013. Phylogeny and tempo of diversification in the superradiation of spiny-rayed fishes. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 110 (31): 12738–12743.
[P93] Patterson, C. 1993. Osteichthyes: Teleostei. In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 621–656. Chapman & Hall: London.
[P61] Price, E. W. 1961. North American monogenetic trematodes IX. The families Mazocraeidae and Plectanocotylidae. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 74: 127–156.