Belongs within: Ozarkodinida.
Contains: Spathognathodus, Ancyrodella, Anchignathodontidae, Palmatolepididae, Polygnathidae, Elictognathidae, Sweetognathidae, Cavusgnathidae, Gnathodus, Idiognathodontidae.
The Spathognathodontidae are a long-ranging group of conodonts that represent the root stock of other families of the Ozarkodinida (Sweet 1988).
Characters (from Sweet 1988): Skeletal apparatus sexi- or septimembrate, basically simple, with blade-like carminate and angulate pectiniform elements in both P positions; a dolabrate or bipennate M element; and an undistinguished symmetry-transition series including alate, digyrate, and bipennate elements in Sa, Sb, and Sc positions, respectively.
<==Spathognathodontidae [Spathognathodontinae] |--Polygnathoides Branson & Mehl 1933S88 | `--*P. silurica Branson & Mehl 1933H62 |--Ozarkodina Branson & Mehl 1933S88 | |--O. confluens (Branson & Mehl 1933) [incl. *O. typica Branson & Mehl 1933]M02 | | |--O. c. confluensM02 | | |--O. c. bucerus (Viira 1983) [=Spathognathodus primus bucerus]M02 | | `--O. ‘typica’ denkmanniTC71 | |--O. abrupta (Aldridge 1972)S88 | |--O. aldridgei Uyeno & Barnes 1983M02 | |--O. bohemicaS88 | |--O. brevisNU83 | |--O. broenlundi (Aldridge 1979)M02 | |--O. crassaS88 | |--O. crispaS88 | |--O. eurekensisS88 | |--O. excavata (Branson & Mehl 1933)M02 | |--O. guiyangensis Zhou, Zhai & Xian 1981M02 | |--O. gulletensisS88 | |--O. hadraS88 | |--O. hassi [=Plectodina hassi]S88 | |--O. inclinataS88 | |--O. murchisoniS88 | |--O. oldhamensis (Rexroad 1967)M02 [=Plectodina oldhamensisS88] | |--O. pirata Uyeno & Barnes 1983M02 | |--O. polinclinata (Nicoll & Rexroad 1968) [=Spathognathodus polinclinatus]M02 | | |--O. p. polinclinataM02 | | `--O. p. estonica Männik 1992M02 | |--O. pseudofissilisS88 | |--O. remscheidensisBWZ02 | | |--O. r. remscheidensisS88 | | `--O. r. eosteinhornensisS88 | |--O. sagittaS88 | | |--O. s. sagittaS88 | | `--O. s. rhenanaS88 | |--O. sannemanniS88 | |--O. selfi Lane & Ormiston 1979S88 | |--O. steinhornensisS88 | |--O. tortilisS88 | `--O. waugoolaensis Bischoff 1986M02 `--+--+--AncyrodellaS88 | |--+--AnchignathodontidaeSD01 | | `--PalmatolepididaeSD01 | |--Ancyrodelloides Bischoff & Sannemann 1958S88 | | |--*A. trigonica Bischoff & Sannemann 1958H62 | | |--A. deltaS88 | | `--A. transitansS88 | `--PolygnathaceaeBWZ02 | |--PolygnathidaeSD01 | `--Amydrotaxis Klapper & Murphy 1980BWZ02 | |--A. carinthiacusBWZ02 | |--A. eurekaensisBWZ02 | |--A. johnsoniS88 | |--A. linearis (Philip 1966) (see below for synonymy)BWZ02 | `--A. sexidentataS88 `--+--ElictognathidaeSD01 |--Pandorinellina Müller & Müller 1957S88 [=Pandorina Stauffer 1940 nec Bory 1824 nec Scacchi 1833H62] | |--*P. insita (Stauffer 1940) [=*Pandorina insita, Spathognathodus insitus]NU83 | |--P. exigua (Philip 1966)V03 | |--P. expansa (Uyeno & Mason 1975)V03 | `--P. plumulusS88 `--+--+--SweetognathidaeSD01 | `--+--CavusgnathidaeSD01 | `--MestognathidaeSD01 | |--Laterignathus Aristov & Alekseev 1976S88 | `--Mestognathus Bischoff 1957S88 | |--*M. beckmanni Bischoff 1957H62 | |--M. bipluti Higgins 1961AS93 | |--M. groessensi Belka 1983AS93 | |--M. harmalaiS88 | `--M. praebeckmanniS88 `--+--Protognathodus Ziegler 1969 [Gnathodidae, Gnathodontidae]S88 | | i. s.: P. kuehniS88 | |--P. collinsoniS88 | |--P. meischneri Ziegler 1969S88, AS93 | `--+--P. kockeliS88 | `--+--P. cordiformisS88 | |--P. praedelicatusS88 | `--+--GnathodusSD01 | `--IdiognathodontidaeSD01 `--+--Vogelgnathus Norby & Rexroad 1985S88 | `--V. campbelliS88 |--Rhachistognathus Dunn 1966S88 | |--R. minutusS88 | | |--R. m. minutusAS93 | | `--R. m. declinatus Baesemann & Lane 1985AS93 | |--R. muricatusS88 | |--R. primusS88 | |--R. prolixusS88 | `--R. websteriS88 |--Bispathodus Müller 1962S88 | |--*B. spinulicostatusS88 | |--B. aculeatusS88 | |--B. bispathodusS88 | |--B. costatusS88 | |--B. stabilisS88 | |--B. ultimusS88 | `--B. utahensis Sandberg & Gutschick 1984S88 `--Lochriea Scott 1942S88 |--*L. montanaensis Scott 1942H62 |--L. bigsnowyensisR62 |--L. cracoviensisS88 |--L. commutatusS88 |--L. homopunctatusS88 |--L. mononodosusS88 `--L. nodosusS88 Spathognathodontidae incertae sedis: SpathognathodusD02 Aphelognathus Branson, Mehl & Branson 1951S88 |--*A. grandis Branson, Mehl & Branson 1951H62 |--A. divergensS88 |--A. pyramidalisS88 `--A. shatzeriS88 Centrognathodus Branson & Mehl 1944 [=Centrognathus Branson & Mehl 1934 non Guérin-Menéville 1840]H62 `--*C. sinuosus (Branson & Mehl 1934) [=*Centrognathus sinuosa]H62 Nodognathus Cooper 1939H62 `--*N. spicata Cooper 1939H62 Oligodus Cooper 1939H62 `--*O. curtus Cooper 1939H62 Pinacognathus Branson & Mehl 1944 [=Pinacodus Branson & Mehl 1934 non Davis 1883]H62 `--*P. profunda (Branson & Mehl 1934) [=*Pinacodus profundus]H62 Yaoxianognathus An 1985S88 |--Y. abruptus (Bergström & Sweet 1966)AS93 (see below for synonymy) |--Y. lijiapoensisNW04 `--Y. tunguskaensisNW04 ‘Bryantodina’ staufferi Bergström & Sweet 1966S88 ‘Plectodina’ tenuis (Branson & Mehl 1933)AS93 ‘Plectodina’ floridaS88 ‘Plectodina’ bulhillensisS88 Kimognathus Mashkova 1978AS93 Homeognathodus Denkler & Harris 1988AS93 Skeletognathus Sandberg et al. 1989AS93
Amydrotaxis linearis (Philip 1966) [=Eognathodus linearis, Ozarkodina linearis, Spathognathodus linearis; incl. O. pandora Murphy, Matti & Walliser 1981]BWZ02
Yaoxianognathus abruptus (Bergström & Sweet 1966)AS93 [=Bryantodina abruptaS88; incl. Plectodina posterocostata Bergström & Sweet 1966S88]
*Type species of generic name indicated
References
[AS93] Aldridge, R. J., & M. P. Smith. 1993. Conodonta. In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 563–572. Chapman & Hall: London.
[BWZ02] Bardashev, I. A., K. Weddige & W. Ziegler. 2002. The phylomorphogenesis of some Early Devonian platform conodonts. Senckenbergiana Lethaea 82: 375–451.
[D02] Dzik, J. 2002. Emergence and collapse of the Frasnian conodont and ammonoid communities in the Holy Cross Mountains, Poland. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 47: 565–650.
[H62] Hass, W. H. 1962. Conodonts. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt W. Miscellanea: Conodonts, Conoidal Shells of Uncertain Affinities, Worms, Trace Fossils and Problematica pp. W3–W69. Geological Society of America, and University of Kansas Press.
[M02] Männik, P. 2002. Conodonts in the Silurian of Severnaya Zemlya and Sedov archipelagos (Russia), with special reference to the genus Ozarkodina Branson & Mehl, 1933. Geodiversitas 24 (1): 77–97.
[NW04] Nitecki, M. H., B. D. Webby, N. Spjeldnaes & Zhen Y.-Y. 2004. Receptaculitids and algae. In: Webby, B. D., F. Paris, M. L. Droser & I. G. Percival (eds) The Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event pp. 336–347. Columbia University Press.
[NU83] Norris, A. W., & T. T. Uyeno. 1983. Biostratigraphy and paleontology of middle-upper Devonian boundary beds, Gypsum Cliffs area, northeastern Alberta. Geological Survey of Canada Bulletin 313: 1–65.
[R62] Rhodes, F. H. T. 1962. Recognition, interpretation, and taxonomic position of conodont assemblages. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt W. Miscellanea: Conodonts, Conoidal Shells of Uncertain Affinities, Worms, Trace Fossils and Problematica pp. W70–W83. Geological Society of America, and University of Kansas Press.
[S88] Sweet, W. C. 1988. The Conodonta: Morphology, taxonomy, paleoecology, and evolutionary history of a long extinct animal phylum. Clarendon Press: Oxford.
[SD01] Sweet, W. C., & P. C. J. Donoghue. 2001. Conodonts: past, present, future. Journal of Paleontology 75 (6): 1174–1184.
[TC71] Thomson, K. S., & K. S. W. Campbell. 1971. The structure and relationships of the primitive Devonian lungfish—Dipnorhynchus sussmilchi (Etheridge). Yale University Peabody Museum of Natural History Bulletin 38: 1–109.
[V03] Valiukevičius, J. 2003. Devonian acanthodians from Severnaya Zemlya Archipelago (Russia). Geodiversitas 25: 131–204.