Zalmoxis

Belongs within: Zalmoxidae.

Zalmoxis is a diverse genus of harvestmen uniting most (if not all) of the Old World species of the family Zalmoxidae.

Characters (Suzuki 1977): Common eye tubercle present, usually removed from anterior margin of cephalothorax. Eye tubercle without median spine, smooth or with small tubercles or spinules above. Tergal region with five areas, the first without a mid-line. Tarsi of third and fourth legs without scopulae, with simple untoothed double claws. Femur of first leg normal, not elongate or heavily spined. Tarsus of first leg with three segments; distitarsus of first tarsus with two segments, second with three. Tarsi of other legs with varying number of segments. Metatarsi not divided into astragali and calcanea. Palpus of normal length, not elongate. Secondary sexual characters of male variable, but usually consist of heavier spines on fourth leg.

Zalmoxis Sørensen 1886KP-G15 (see below for synonymy)
    |--+--+--Z. dammermani (Roewer 1927)SG12, KSP-G15
    |  |  `--Z. zibelthiurdos Sharma et al. 2012SG12, KSP-G15
    |  `--+--+--Z. bendis Sharma et al. 2012SG12, KSP-G15
    |     |  `--+--Z. kotys Sharma et al. 2012SG12, KSP-G15
    |     |     `--Z. sabazios Sharma et al. 2012SG12, KSP-G15
    |     `--+--Z. gebeleizis Sharma et al. 2012SG12, KSP-G15
    |        `--+--Z. cuspanalis (Roewer 1927)SG12, KSP-G15
    |           `--Z. mitobatipes (Roewer 1926)SG12, KSP-G15
    `--+--+--+--*Z. robustus Sørensen 1886KP-G15, SG12, KSP-G15
       |  |  `--Z. pygmaeus Sørensen 1886SG12, R23
       |  `--+--+--Z. cardwellensis Forster 1955SG12, F55
       |     |  `--Z. furcifer Sharma 2012SG12, KSP-G15
       |     `--+--Z. darwinensis Goodnight & Goodnight 1948SG12, GG48
       |        `--Z. falcifer Sharma 2012SG12, KSP-G15
       `--+--Z. insularis (Roewer 1949)SG12, KSP-G15
          `--+--+--Z. mendax Sharma 2012SG12, KSP-G15
             |  `--Z. princeps Sharma 2012SG12, KSP-G15
             `--+--Z. neocaledonicus Roewer 1912SG12, R23
                `--+--Z. kaktinsae Sharma 2012SG12, KSP-G15
                   `--Z. perditus Sharma 2012SG12, KSP-G15

Zalmoxis incertae sedis:
  Z. armatipes Strand 1910KSP-G15 [=Gjellerupia armatipesR23]
  Z. armatus (Roewer 1949)KSP-G15
  Z. aspersus Roewer 1949KSP-G15
  Z. austerus Hirst 1912KSP-G15 [=Z. austeraR23]
  Z. australis (Roewer 1949) non Phalangodes australis Sørensen 1886 (not preoc. if in dif. gen)KSP-G15
  Z. bonka (Forster 1949)KSP-G15
  Z. brevipes (Roewer 1949)KSP-G15
  Z. cheesmani (Roewer 1949)KSP-G15
  Z. convexus (Roewer 1949)KSP-G15
  Z. crassitarsis Suzuki 1982KSP-G15
  Z. derzelas Sharma et al. 2012KSP-G15
  Z. ferrugineus (Roewer 1912)KSP-G15
  Z. granulatus (Loman 1902)KSP-G15 [=Chondrobunus granulatusR23]
  Z. heynemani Suzuki 1977KP-G15
  Z. insula Forster 1955F55
  Z. jewetti (Goodnight & Goodnight 1947)KSP-G15 [=*Metagjellerujia jewettiGG47]
  Z. kaiensis Suzuki 1982KSP-G15
  Z. lavacaverna Hunt 1993KSP-G15
  Z. lavongaiensis Suzuki 1985KSP-G15
  Z. luzonicus Roewer 1949KSP-G15
  Z. maculosus (Roewer 1949)KSP-G15
  Z. marchei Roewer 1912R23
  Z. mindanaonicus Suzuki 1977KSP-G15
  Z. minimus Roewer 1912KSP-G15
  Z. muelleri Sharma et al. 2011KSP-G15
  Z. mutus Sharma et al. 2011KSP-G15
  Z. neobritanicus Suzuki 1982KSP-G15
  Z. neoguinensis (Roewer 1915)KSP-G15 [=Euzalmoxis neoguinensisR23]
  Z. occidentalis (Roewer 1949)KSP-G15
  Z. pallidus (Roewer 1915)KSP-G15 [=Hoplozalmoxis pallidaR23]
  Z. patellaris (Roewer 1949)KSP-G15
  Z. ponapeus (Roewer 1949)KSP-G15
  Z. pumilus (Roewer 1949)KSP-G15
  Z. remingtoni (Goodnight & Goodnight 1948)KSP-G15 [=*Foella remingtoniGG48]
  Z. sarasinorum Roewer 1914KSP-G15
  Z. savesi (Simon 1880) [=Mermerus savesi]R23
  Z. sepikus (Roewer 1949)KSP-S15
  Z. similis Suzuki 1982KSP-G15
  Z. solitarius (Roewer 1917)KSP-G15 [=Parazalmoxida solitariaR23]
  Z. sorenseni Simon 1892 [=Z. soerenseni]KP-G15
  Z. spinicoxa Roewer 1949KSP-G15
  Z. thorelli Sharma et al. 2011KSP-G15
  Z. tristis Thorell 1891 [=Zalmoxida tristis, *Zalmoxissus tristis]KP-G15
  Z. tuberculatus (Goodnight & Goodnight 1948)KSP-G15

Zalmoxis Sørensen 1886^KP-G15 [incl. Chondrobunus Loman 1902^R23, Euzalmoxis Roewer 1915^S77, Foella Goodnight & Goodnight 1948^S77, Gagirius Roewer 1949^S77, Gjellerupiola Roewer 1949^S77, Hoplozalmoxis Roewer 1915^S77, Linabia Roewer 1949^S77, Metagjellerujia Goodnight & Goodnight 1947^S77, Papuodes Roewer 1949^S77, Parazalmoxida Roewer 1916^S77, Pygozalmoxis Roewer 1919^S77, Sepikusta Roewer 1949^S77, Zalmoxana Roewer 1927^S77, Zalmoxilla Roewer 1926^S77, Zalmoxissus Roewer 1949^KP-G15]

*Type species of generic name indicated

References

[F55] Forster, R. R. 1955. Further Australian harvestmen (Arachnida: Opiliones). Australian Journal of Zoology 3 (3): 354–411.

[GG47] Goodnight, C. J., & M. L. Goodnight. 1947. Report on a collection of phalangids from New Guinea. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society 66 (4): 328–338.

[GG48] Goodnight, C. J., & M. L. Goodnight. 1948. New phalangids from the Southwest Pacific. American Museum Novitates 1371: 1–14.

[KP-G15] Kury, A. B., & A. Pérez-González. 2015. A companion to part 2 of the world checklist of Opiliones species (Arachnida): Laniatores—Samooidea, Zalmoxoidea and Grassatores incertae sedis. Biodiversity Data Journal 3: e6663.

[KSP-G15] Kury, A. B., D. R. Souza & A. Pérez-González. 2015. World checklist of Opiliones species (Arachnida). Part 2: Laniatores—Samooidea, Zalmoxoidea and Grassatores incertae sedis. Biodiversity Data Journal 3: e6482.

[R23] Roewer, C.-F. 1923. Die Weberknechte der Erde: Systematische Bearbeitung der bisher bekannnten Opiliones. Gustav Fischer: Jena.

[SG12] Sharma, P. P., & G. Giribet. 2012. Out of the Neotropics: Late Cretaceous colonization of Australasia by American arthropods. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B—Biological Sciences 279: 3501–3509.

[S77] Suzuki, S. 1977. Report on a collection of opilionids from the Phillippines. Journal of Science of the Hiroshima University, Series B, Division 1 (Zoology) 27 (1): 1–120.