Pertusariales

 Pertusaria ?amara, photographed by Juan José Ramos Encalado.

Belongs within: Ostropomycetidae.

The Pertusariales is a clade of lichenised green algae-associated fungi recognised by Miadlikowska & Lutzoni (2004) on the basis of molecular data to include the Icmadophilaceae and Coccotremataceae. The Pertusariaceae have a crustose thallus that is often warted or fissured, bearing sessile or slightly sunken ascomata. The Icmadophilaceae are usually crustose or squamulose, and bear ascomata on specialised, often non-lichenised thalline branches (Kirk et al. 2001).

Pertusariales [Pertusariineae]
| i. s.: Loxosporopsis Henssen 1995KC01
| Megaspora (Clauzade & Roux) Hafellner & Wirth 1987 [Megasporaceae]KC01
| `--M. verrucosaE99
|--IcmadophilaceaeML04
| |--Pseudobaeomyces Satô 1940KC01
| |--Siphulella Kantvilas, Elix & James 1992KC01
| |--Dibaeis Clem. 1909 (see below for synonymy)KC01
| | `--D. baeomycesML04
| |--Siphula Fr. 1831 (nom. cons.) [incl. Nylanderiella Hue 1914; Siphulaceae]KC01
| | |--S. ceratitesLS01
| | `--S. decumbensG94
| |--Thamnolia Ach. ex Schaer. 1850 (nom. cons.)EB03, KC01 [incl. Cerania Gray 1821KC01]
| | |--T. subuliformisML04
| | `--T. vermicularisLS01
| `--Icmadophila Trevis. 1853 (nom. cons.)KC01 (see below for synonymy)
| |--I. ericetorum (Linnaeus) Zahlbr. 1895 (see below for synonymy)F33
| | | i. s.: I. e. f. pruinosa de Lesdain 1922F33
| | | I. e. f. teretocarpa (Massee 1855) Zahlbr. 1895F33
| | |--I. e. var. ericetorumF33
| | `--I. e. var. stipitata de Lesdain 1922F33
| `--‘Parmelia’ splachnirima [=Knightiella splachnirima]G94
`--+--CoccotremataceaeML04
| |--Lepolichen Trevis. 1853KC01
| `--Coccotrema Müll. Arg. 1888 (see below for synonymy)KC01
| |--C. pocillumML04
| `--+--C. coccophorumML04
| `--C. cucurbitulaML04
`--PertusariaceaeML04
|--Thamnochrolechia Aptroot & Sipman 1991KC01
|--Varicellaria Nyl. 1858 [incl. Varicellariomyces Cif. & Tomas. 1953]KC01
|--Ochrolechia Massal. 1852 [incl. Korkir Adans. 1763]KC01
| | i. s.: O. tartareaKC01
| |--O. frigidaML04
| |--O. juvenalisLK04
| `--+--O. parellaML04
| `--O. szatalensisML04
`--Pertusaria DC. 1805 (nom. cons.) (see below for synonymy)KC01
| i. s.: P. albescensE98
| P. coccodesE98
| P. dactylinaJK06
| P. graphicaB14
| P. hemisphaericaSS09
| P. multipunctaE98
| P. pertusaE98
| P. texanaJ87
| P. trachythallinaLS01
|--P. amaraLK04
`--+--P. erythrellaLK04
`--P. scaberulaLK04

Coccotrema Müll. Arg. 1888 [incl. Perforaria Müll. Arg. 1891, Perforariomyces Cif. & Tomas. 1953, Verrucarina (Hue) Zahlbr. 1931]KC01

Dibaeis Clem. 1909 [incl. Tubercularia Wigg. 1780 (nom. rej.) non Tode 1790 (nom. cons.), Verrucaria Scop. 1777 non Schrad. 1794 (nom. cons.)]KC01

Icmadophila Trevis. 1853 (nom. cons.)KC01 [=Baeomyces sect. Icmadophila (Trevis.) Cromb. 1894F33, Lecania sect. Icmadophila (Trevis.) Stizenb. 1861F33, Icmadophilomyces Thomas ex Cif. & Tomas. 1953 (nom. illeg.)KC01, Tupia Marchand 1830 (nom. rej. prop.)KC01; incl. Cystolobis Clem. 1909KC01, Glossodium Nyl. 1855KC01, Knightiella Müll. Arg. 1886KC01, Phycodiscis Clem. 109KC01, Thelidea Hue 1902KC01]

Icmadophila ericetorum (Linnaeus) Zahlbr. 1895 [=Lichen ericetorum Linnaeus 1763; incl. Li. aeruginosus Scopoli 1760, Ba. aeruginosus (Scopoli) de Candolle in de Lamarck & de Candolle 1805, Icmadophila aeruginosa (Scopoli) Trevis. 1851-1852, Lecania aeruginosa (Scopoli) Stizenb. 1862, Lecidea aeruginosa (Scopoli) Roehl. 1813, Lecidea icmadophila var. aeruginosa (Scopoli) Acharius 1803, Patellaria aeruginosa (Scopoli) Sprgl. 1827, Lichen elveloides Weber 1778, Baeomyces elveloides (Weber) de Candolle in de Lamarck & de Candolle 1805, Icmadophila elveloides (Weber) Hedl. in Hulting 1900, Lecidea icmadophila var. elveloides (Weber) Acharius 1803, Lichen icmadophilus Linnaeus 1781, Baeomyces icmadophilus (Linnaeus) Bory 1882, Biatora icmadophila (Linnaeus) Fries 1822, Biatorina icmadophila (Linnaeus) Flagey 1893, Lecidea icmadophila (Linnaeus) Acharius 1803, Patellaria icmadophila (Linnaeus) Mueller 1862, Verrucaria icmadophila (Linnaeus) von Willdenow 1787, Lichen ericetorum var. parasiticus Retzius 1779, Baeomyces aeruginosa var. sphagnicola de Candolle in de Lamarck & de Candolle 1805, Ba. aeruginosa var. truncicola de Candolle in de Lamarck & de Candolle 1805, Lichen viridiatus Gmelin 1791]F33

Pertusaria DC. 1805 (nom. cons.) [=Pertusariomyces Thomas ex Cif. & Tomas. 1953, Porina Ach. 1809 (nom. rej.) non Müll. Arg. 1883 (nom. cons.); incl. Clausaria Nyl. 1861, Isidium (Ach.) Ach. 1803 (nom. rej.), Lecanidium Massal. 1856, Lepra Scop. 1777 (nom. rej.), Leproncus Vent. 1799, Melanaria Erichsen 1936, Pionospora Fr. 1859, Stereocaulon (Schreb.) Schrad. 1794 (nom. rej.) non Hoffm. 1796 (nom. cons.), Stereocaulum Clem. 1909]KC01

*Type species of generic name indicated

References

[B14] Bouchard, P. (ed.) 2014. The Book of Beetles: A lifesize guide to six hundred of nature’s gems. Ivy Press: Lewes (United Kingdom).

[E99] Eriksson, O. E. (ed.) 1999. Notes on ascomycete systematics. Nos 2440–2755. Myconet 2: 1–41.

[EB03] Eriksson, O. E., H. O. Barah, R. S. Currah, K. Hansen, C. P. Kurtzman, G. Rambold & T. Laessøe (eds.) 2003. Outline of Ascomycota—2003. Myconet 9: 1–89.

[E98] Etayo, J. 1998. Some hypocrealean lichenicolous fungi from southwest Europe. Nova Hedwigia 67 (3–4): 499–509.

[F33] Frey, E. 1933. Cladoniaceae (unter Ausschluss der Gattung Cladonia), Umbilicariaceae. In: Die Flechten (Dr. L. Rabenhorst’s Kryptogamenflora von Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz vol. 9) sect. 4 pt 1. Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft M. B. H.: Leipzig (reprinted 1971. Johnson Reprint Corporation: New York).

[G94] Grgurinovic, C. (ed.) 1994. Flora of Australia vol. 55. Lichens—Lecanorales 2, Parmeliaceae. Australian Biological Resources Study: Canberra.

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[J87] Judd, W. S. 1987. Floristic study of Morne La Visite and Pic Macaya National Parks, Haiti. Bulletin of the Florida State Museum—Biological Sciences 32 (1): 1–136.

[KC01] Kirk, P. M., P. F. Cannon, J. C. David & J. A. Stalpers. 2001. Ainsworth & Bisby’s Dictionary of the Fungi 9th ed. CAB International: Wallingford (UK).

[LS01] Lumbsch, H. T., I. Schmitt, H. Döring & M. Wedin. 2001. Molecular systematics supports the recognition of an additional order of Ascomycota: the Agyriales. Mycological Research 105 (1): 16–23.

[LK04] Lutzoni, F., F. Kauff, C. J. Cox, D. McLaughlin, G. Celio, B. Dentinger, M. Padamsee, D. Hibbett, T. Y. James, E. Baloch, M. Grube, V. Reeb, V. Hofstetter, C. Schoch, A. E. Arnold, J. Miadlikowska, J. Spatafora, D. Johnson, S. Hambleton, M. Crockett, R. Shoemaker, G.-H. Sung, R. Lücking, T. Lumbsch, K. O’Donnell, M. Binder, P. Diederich, D. Ertz, C. Gueidan, K. Hansen, R. C. Harris, K. Hosaka, Y.-W. Lim, B. Matheny, H. Nishida, D. Pfister, J. Rogers, A. Rossman, I. Schmitt, H. Sipman, J. Stone, J. Sugiyama, R. Yahr & R. Vilgalys. 2004. Assembling the fungal tree of life: progress, classification, and evolution of subcellular traits. American Journal of Botany 91 (10): 1446–1480.

[ML04] Miadlikowska, J., & F. Lutzoni. 2004. Phylogenetic classification of peltigeralean fungi (Peltigerales, Ascomycota) based on ribosomal RNA small and large subunits. American Journal of Botany 91 (3): 449–464.

[SS09] Schoch, C. L., G.-H. Sung, F. López-Giráldez, J. P. Townsend, J. Miadlikowska, V. Hofstetter, B. Robbertse, P. B. Matheny, F. Kauff, Z. Wang, C. Gueidan, R. M. Andrie, K. Trippe, L. M. Ciufetti, A. Wynns, E. Fraker, B. P. Hodkinson, G. Bonito, J. Z. Groenewald, M. Arzanlou, G. S. de Hoog, P. W. Crous, D. Hewitt, D. H. Pfister, K. Peterson, M. Gryzenhout, M. J. Wingfield, A. Aptroot, S.-O. Suh, M. Blackwell, D. M. Hillis, G. W. Griffith, L. A. Castlebury, A. Y. Rossman, H. T. Lumbsch, R. Lücking, B. Büdel, A. Rauhut, P. Diederich, D. Ertz, D. M. Geiser, K. Hosaka, P. Inderbitzin, J. Kohlmeyer, B. Volkmann-Kohlmeyer, L. Mostert, K. O’Donnell, H. Sipman, J. D. Rogers, R. A. Shoemaker, J. Sugiyama, R. C. Summerbell, W. Untereiner, P. R. Johnston, S. Stenroos, A. Zuccaro, P. S. Dyer, P. D. Crittenden, M. S. Cole, K. Hansen, J. M. Trappe, R. Yahr, F. Lutzoni & J. W. Spatafora. 2009. The Ascomycota tree of life: a phylum-wide phylogeny clarifies the origin and evolution of fundamental reproductive and ecological traits. Systematic Biology 58 (2): 224–239.

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