Belongs within: Nematoda.
Contains: Cephalobina, Rhabditina, Aphelenchoidea, Tylenchida, Oxyuridomorpha, Rhigonematomorpha, Spiruromorpha, Ascaridomorpha.
The Secernentea are a clade of nematodes characterised by the presence of phasmids, sensory structures in the tail region.
<==Secernentea [Phasmidia, Rhabditea, Rhabditida, Secernentia, Tylenchomorpha]
| i. s.: DolichorhabditisGD00
| ChambersiellaFB90 [ChambersiellidaeLB02, Chambersielloidea]
| AcrobelesFB90
| Brevibucca [Brevibuccidae]LB02
| TeratocephalusW02 [TeratocephalidaeLB02]
| `--T. tilbrookiW02
| Myolaimus Cobb 1920E86 [Myolaimidae, MyolaiminaLB02, Myolaimoidea]
| `--M. amititiae Andrassy 1959E86
| ParasitaphelenchusMM02
|--RhabditiaS00
| |--CephalobinaS00
| |--RhabditinaLB02
| `--AphelenchoideaS00
`--+--TylenchiaS00
| |--TylenchidaS00
| `--Myenchoidea [Myenchida, Myenchina]S00
| |--Myenchus Schuberg & Schröder 1904S00
| `--Myoryctes Eberth 1863S00
|--Drilonematida [Drilonematida, Drilonematoidea, Drilonematomorpha]S00
| | i. s.: UngellidaeLB02
| | HomungellidaeLB02
| | PharyngonematidaeLB02
| | CreagrocercidaeLB02
| |--Chondronema [Chondronematina]S00
| `--Drilonematidae [Drilonematina]S00
`--SpirurinaLB02
|--Gnathostomatidae [Cheiracanthidea, Gnathostomoidea, Gnathostomatomorpha]LB02
| |--EchinocephalusB81
| | |--E. daileyiB81
| | `--E. uncinatus Molin 1858M58
| `--GnathostomaL02
| |--G. doloresiGi02
| `--G. spinigerum Owen 1836M58
|--+--OxyuridomorphaS00
| `--+--RhigonematomorphaLB02
| |--SpiruromorphaLB02
| `--AscaridomorphaLB02
`--DracunculoideaLB02
| i. s.: Nilonema gymnarchiGi02
|--PhlyctainophoridaeLB02
|--SkrjabillanidaeLB02
|--GuyanemidaeLB02
|--MicropleuridaeLB02
|--AnguillicollaB02 [AnguillicolidaeLB02]
| `--A. crassusB02
|--PhilometraK-M02 [PhilometridaeLB02]
| |--P. grayi (Gemmil 1901) [=Echinonema grayi, Ichthyonema grayi]BK77
| `--P. rubraK-M02
`--DracunculusGe02 [DracunculidaeLB02]
|--D. insignisGe02
`--D. medinensis (L. 1758)M58
*Type species of generic name indicated
References
[BK77] Barel, C. D. N., & P. G. N. Kramers. 1977. A survey of the echinoderm associates of the north-east Atlantic area. Zoologische Verhandelingen 156: 1–159.
[B02] Behm, C. A. 2002. Metabolism. In: Lee, D. L. (ed.) The Biology of Nematodes pp. 261–290. Taylor & Francis: Florence (Kentucky).
[B81] Brooks, D. R. 1981. Hennig’s parasitological method: a proposed solution. Systematic Zoology 30 (3): 229–249.
[E86] Eder, R. 1986. Nematoda from continental subterranean aquatic habitats. In: Botosaneanu, L. (ed.) Stygofauna Mundi: A Faunistic, Distributional, and Ecological Synthesis of the World Fauna inhabiting Subterranean Waters (including the Marine Interstitial) pp. 125–132. E. J. Brill/Dr W. Backhuys: Leiden.
[FB90] Freckman, D. W., & J. G. Baldwin. 1990. Nematoda. In: Dindal, D. L. (ed.) Soil Biology Guide pp. 155–200. John Wiley & Sones: New York.
[Ge02] Gems, D. 2002. Ageing. In: Lee, D. L. (ed.) The Biology of Nematodes pp. 413–455. Taylor & Francis: Florence (Kentucky).
[Gi02] Gibbons, L. M. 2002. General organisation. In: Lee, D. L. (ed.) The Biology of Nematodes pp. 31–59. Taylor & Francis: Florence (Kentucky).
[GD00] Giribet, G., D. L. Distel, M. Polz, W. Sterrer & W. C. Wheeler. 2000. Triploblastic relationships with emphasis on the acoelomates and the position of Gnathostomulida, Cycliophora, Plathelminthes, and Chaetognatha: a combined approach of 18S rDNA sequences and morphology. Systematic Biology 49: 539–562.
[K-M02] Klein-MacPhee, G. 2002. Temperate basses. Family Moronidae. In: Collette, B. B., & G. Klein-MacPhee (eds) Bigelow and Schroeder’s Fishes of the Gulf of Maine 3rd ed. pp. 374–389. Smithsonian Institute Press: Washington.
[L02] Lee, D. L. 2002. Cuticle, moulting and exsheathment. In: Lee, D. L. (ed.) The Biology of Nematodes pp. 171–209. Taylor & Francis: Florence (Kentucky).
[LB02] Ley, P. de, & M. Blaxter. 2002. Systematic position and phylogeny. In: Lee, D. L. (ed.) The Biology of Nematodes pp. 1–30. Taylor & Francis: Florence (Kentucky).
[M58] Mackerras, M. J. 1958. Catalogue of Australian mammals and their recorded internal parasites. I–IV. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 83 (2): 101–160.
[MM02] Munn, E. A., & P. D. Munn. 2002. Feeding and digestion. In: Lee, D. L. (ed.) The Biology of Nematodes pp. 211–232. Taylor & Francis: Florence (Kentucky).
[S00] Siddiqi, M. R. 2000. Tylenchida: Parasites of plants and insects 2nd ed. CABI Publishing: Wallingford (UK).
[W02] Wharton, D. A. 2002. Nematode survival strategies. In: Lee, D. L. (ed.) The Biology of Nematodes pp. 389–411. Taylor & Francis: Florence (Kentucky).